1. 同义词替换。如 scientist 和 researcher 之间的替换,disadvantage 和 drawback 的替换,sign和indication的替换。
2. 同义词组的替换。如:keep to oneself 替换 be not friendly
3. 主动与被动的替换。The passengers were rescued by boats and pleasure-craft 替换 Boats and pleasure-craft came to rescue the passengers.
4. 加减关系的替换。如,某题原文为 The bottles made in most places contain about three-quarters new glass and the rest is recycled.
该题题干为 Most bottle makers use about __% recycled glass.
用总数 1 减去 得,再转换成百分数即得答案,正确答案为25%.
考生答题时,如遇到某道题目题干原文关键词的替换出现,则应提高警惕,该题目的正确答案马上就会出现,切忌一味等待听力原文中会出现题目中的原文。根据该原则,如果考生在等待某一题目的相关信息时,下一道题目的替换已经出现,考生应注意自己可能已经漏掉了一道题目。
正态分布原则
在数学中有一种概念叫做正态分布,意思是说在科学的测验或调查中,总是处在中间部分的个体数量最多,而在两端的个体数量较少。
这是一个非常有用的原则,我们可以根据?中间多,两边少?的原则对题目进行分析,预测和猜答,十分有效。
此法也可以进一步引申到几种被选答案的平均出现。
下面仅举95年使馆样题的三道难度较大的题目进行分析。
18题到20题是一种难度较大的题型,考生首先要判断题干信息是否正确,如果正确,打勾;如果不正确,应把正确答案填在空白处。根据正态分布,正确答案中必然有打对勾的题目,所以如果考生只能够做出一道题目,不妨将剩下两个空全部填上对号;如果考生一道题目也做不出来,不妨将三个空全填对号,
而答案中18题,20题答案为对号。这样考生至少就可以答对2/3的题目。
21题到24题,考生通过仔细观察题目会发现,Type of coffee 这一横行应填 I,R,或E. 而这一横行中I和E两个选项都已经出现过了,所以如果考生没有做出21题和24题,可以猜答 R,而正确答案21题和24题全部选 R . 25题到32题,要求考生填1分,2分或3分,根据正态分布原则,考生对于没有听出来的题目,可以猜答2分,而正确答案中有5个是填2分。
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