雅思听力材料：米开朗基罗-大卫(BBC纪录片)

　　David

　　David is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created between 1501 and 1504, by the Italian artistMichelangelo. It is a 5.17-metre marble statue of a standing male nude. The statue represents the Biblical hero David, a favoured subject in the art of Florence. Originally commissioned as one of a series of statues of prophets to be positioned along the roofline of the east end of Florence Cathedral, the statue was instead placed in a public square, outside the Palazzo della Signoria, the seat of civic government in Florence, where it was unveiled on 8 September 1504. Because of the nature of the hero that it represented, it soon came to symbolize the defence of civil liberties embodied in the Florentine Republic, an independent city-state threatened on all sides by more powerful rival states and by the hegemony of theMedici family. The eyes of David, with a warning glare, were turned towards Rome. The statue was moved to the Accademia Gallery in Florence in 1873, and later replaced at the original location by a replica.

　　作者简介：

　　Michelangelo

　　Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known asMichelangelo , was an Italian Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art. Despite making few forays beyond the arts, his versatility in the disciplines he took up was of such a high order that he is often considered a contender for the title of the archetypal Renaissance man, along with fellow ItalianLeonardo da Vinci.

　　Michelangelo was considered the greatest living artist in his lifetime, and ever since then he has been held to be one of the greatest artists of all time. A number of his works in painting, sculpture, and architecture rank among the most famous in existence. His output in every field during his long life was prodigious; when the sheer volume of correspondence, sketches, and reminiscences that survive is also taken into account, he is the best-documented artist of the 16th century. Two of his best-known works, the Pietand David, were sculpted before he turned thirty. Despite his low opinion of painting, Michelangelo also created two of the most influential works in fresco in the history of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on the ceiling and The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel in Rome. As an architect, Michelangelo pioneered the Mannerist style at the Laurentian Library. At 74 he succeeded Antonio da Sangallo the Younger as the architect of St. Peters Basilica. Michelangelo transformed the plan, the western end being finished to Michelangelos design, the dome being completed after his death with some modification.

　　In a demonstration of Michelangelos unique standing, he was the first Western artist whose biography was published while he was alive. Two biographies were published of him during his lifetime; one of them, byGiorgio Vasari, proposed that he was the pinnacle of all artistic achievement since the beginning of theRenaissance, a viewpoint that continued to have currency in art history for centuries. In his lifetime he was also often called Il Divino . One of the qualities most admired by his contemporaries was his terribilit, a sense of awe-inspiring grandeur, and it was the attempts of subsequent artists to imitate Michelangelos impassioned and highly personal style that resulted in Mannerism, the next major movement in Western art after the High Renaissance.