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2015年GMAT句子改错练习题及详细解析汇总
47. In 1713, Alexander Pope began his translation of the Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until completion, and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced the greatest translation in any language.
(A) his translation of the Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until completion, and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced
(B) his translation of the Iliad, a work that took him seven years to complete and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced
(C) his translation of the Iliad, a work that had taken seven years to complete and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced it as
(D) translating the Iliad, a work that took seven years until completion and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced it as
(E) translating the Iliad, a work that had taken seven years to complete and literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope’s contemporary, pronounced it
答案解析如下：
(A)his translation of the Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until completion, and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope\'s contemporary, pronounced
【错误】 平行结构：“and”后方连接的是“that”引导的从句，“and”前方也应有如此的结构，但“and”前方的“that”引导的是“, taking him seven years until completion”，并非从句，“and”前后不平行。
(B)his translation of the Iliad, a work that took him seven years to complete and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope\'s contemporary, pronounced
【正确】 “that took him seven years to complete”和“that literary critic Samuel Johnson pronounced the greatest translation in any language”正确地用“and”平行在一起，共同作为定语从句修饰“a work”，“a work”作为同位语修饰“Iliad”，修饰关系准确合理。
【大意】 1713年，Alexander Pope开始翻译“Iliad”，这项(翻译)工作花了他七年完成，并且被Pope同代人文学评论家Samuel Johnson成为任何语言中最伟大的翻译。
(C)his translation of the Iliad, a work that had taken seven years to complete and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope\'s contemporary, pronounced it as
【错误1】 动词时态：“had”引导的过去完成时表示“过去的过去”发生的事，然而“had taken seven years”并不应该是“began his translation”之前发生的，因此本选项误用过去完成时。
【错误2】 修饰成分：“and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope\'s contemporary, pronounced it the greatest translation in any language”(“pronounce X Y”意思是把“把X宣称为Y”)是修饰之前“a work”的定语从句，其中的“it”即为“a work”，这违反了定语从句的使用规则，因为“a work”已经被关系代词“that”指代，无需再使用“it”重复指代，比方说“《哈利波特》是李喜欢的一本书”应写成“Harry Potter is a book that Li likes very much”，而不应写成“Harry Potter is a book that Li likes it very much”。
(D)translating the Iliad, a work that took seven years until completion and that literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope\'s contemporary, pronounced it as
【错误】 修饰成分：见(C)中【错误2】。
(E)translating the Iliad, a work that had taken seven years to complete and literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope\'s contemporary, pronounced it
【错误1】 平行结构：由日常逻辑，“and literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope\'s contemporary, pronounced it……”和之前“that”引导的定语从句共同修饰“a work”语义更佳，而优于“and”后没有“that”且“pronounced”后方出现“it”，导致“literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope\'s contemporary, pronounced it……”成为了一个与主句“Alexander Pope began his translation of the Iliad”平行的结构，表意逊于(B)。
【错误1】 动词时态：见(C)中【错误1】。
【最优解题思路推荐】
只有(B)正确使用了“that……and that……”定语从句平行且修饰“a work”的结构，其他选项要么定语从句出错，要么破坏了这种平行结构，因此选择(B)。