词汇错误
词汇错误主要表现为词语的错用,通常是词性的误用及搭配的错用,有时也会有词义的错用。在英语中,词在句子中充当的成分是相对固定的。例如,在句子中,只有名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语能充当主语和宾语。所以,在辨析这类错误时,应该首先了解划线部分词的词性及其在句子中所作的句子成分,以确定是否为误用。搭配上的误用相对而言比较复杂,它主要包括否定句的搭配、数的一致的搭配、时态的搭配以及一些固定搭配。
(一)形容词和副词的误用
形容词和副词的误用主要表现为两者的互相误用以及形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的误用。
形容词主要用来修饰名词,作定语,与连系动词连用,作表语,或用作补足语。
The young man is polite and handsome.(表语)这个年轻人既有礼貌又仪表堂堂。
Don’t leave the door open after midnight.(补足语)午夜以后,不要开门。
副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词,在句子中作状语。
The scenery in the countryside is extremely beautiful.(副词修饰形容词作状语)乡村的风景非常漂亮。
You must do this job very carefully.(副词修饰副词作状语)你必须很认真地做这项工作。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法。两者的比较用比较级,三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。“两者中的最…”用比较级。
The girl is the most hard—working in the school.这个女孩是这所学校学习最用功的。
Of the two computers,this one is faster.这两台电脑中,这一台最快。
【答案精解】B。应为the better one,两者中的最…的,用比较级。
【参考译文】在这两个演讲中,前者较好,一部分是因为演讲者有着动听的声音。
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