5.altogether,all together all together 是形容词性短语,意思是在一起(in a group);而altogether是副词,意思是全部地(wholly)。试比较:
(1)The family was all together for the holidays.
(2)I dont altogether agree with your opinion.
句(1)意为全家人都聚在一处过节。句(2)意为我不完全同意你的意见。
6.close,closely 两者都是副词,意思上都表示接近、紧密,用法上有所不同,表示地点的紧接,接近用close:They followed close behind.他们紧跟在后边。He stood close against the wall.他靠紧墙站着。而表示状况的密切、紧密用closely:They are closely in agreement.他们意见很一致。I am following the matter closely.我正在密切关注这一事件。但是,close和closely都可以用来修饰分词,回答how的问题,如:close shut,closely-packed等。
7.each,every两者都是每个的意思,但用法上有区别。Each表示个别的概念,常指一定数目中的一个,可用作形容词、副词或代词,如:Each student has his own desk.每个学生都有自己的课桌。They received ten yuan each。他们每人收到10元钱。Each ofthe students has his own desk.每个学生都有自己的课桌。every和all一样,表示总体的概念,可译为每个但有一切的含义,every是形容词,只有在和名词构成复合词时,才能做代词用,如:Every painter secretly hopes to produce one Mona Lisa in his life.每个画家都暗自希望一生中能画出《蒙娜丽莎》这样的作品。再试比较下列两组句子:
I told every student to come.我通知了每个学员都来。
I told each student to come.我一个个地通知了每个学员都来。
Every country has his customs.每个国家都有它的习俗。
Each country has his customs.国家各有习俗。
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