5.altogether，all together all together 是形容词性短语，意思是在一起（in a group）；而altogether是副词，意思是全部地（wholly）。试比较：
（1）The family was all together for the holidays.
（2）I dont altogether agree with your opinion.
句（1）意为全家人都聚在一处过节。句（2）意为我不完全同意你的意见。
6.close，closely 两者都是副词，意思上都表示接近、紧密，用法上有所不同，表示地点的紧接，接近用close：They followed close behind.他们紧跟在后边。He stood close against the wall.他靠紧墙站着。而表示状况的密切、紧密用closely：They are closely in agreement.他们意见很一致。I am following the matter closely.我正在密切关注这一事件。但是，close和closely都可以用来修饰分词，回答how的问题，如：close shut，closely-packed等。
7.each，every两者都是每个的意思，但用法上有区别。Each表示个别的概念，常指一定数目中的一个，可用作形容词、副词或代词，如：Each student has his own desk.每个学生都有自己的课桌。They received ten yuan each。他们每人收到10元钱。Each ofthe students has his own desk.每个学生都有自己的课桌。every和all一样，表示总体的概念，可译为每个但有一切的含义，every是形容词，只有在和名词构成复合词时，才能做代词用，如：Every painter secretly hopes to produce one Mona Lisa in his life.每个画家都暗自希望一生中能画出《蒙娜丽莎》这样的作品。再试比较下列两组句子：
I told every student to come.我通知了每个学员都来。
I told each student to come.我一个个地通知了每个学员都来。
Every country has his customs.每个国家都有它的习俗。
Each country has his customs.国家各有习俗。