部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。
1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until, scarcely , barely , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly when , no sooner than 等。例如:
1) Never have I seen such a performance. 我从来没看过这样的表演。
2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 你在哪儿都不会找到这个问题的答案。
3) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 妈妈直到孩子睡着才离开房间。
4) Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚要出门时有个学生来找她。
注意:当Not until引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。如否定词不在句首不倒装。只有当Not only but also连接两个分句时,才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构。例如:
Not only you but also I am fond of music. 我和你都喜欢音乐。
2.表示也、也不 的so, neither, nor放在句首时,句子作部分倒装。例如:
1) Tom can speak French. So can Jack. Tom能说法语,我也能。
2) If you wont go, neither will I. 如果你不去,我也不去。
注意: 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。例如:
1) Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. Tom让我去踢足球,我去了。
2) ---Its raining hard. ---So it is. ---雨下得很大。 ---的确很大。
3.only放在句首,强调状语,全句语序要部分倒装。例如:
Only in this way, can you learn English well.你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。
Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 他被请了三次才来开会。
注意:如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装
Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 他只有病得非常严重时才会卧床休息。
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