职称英语考试理工类助动词辅导-查字典英语网
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职称英语考试理工类助动词辅导

发布时间:2016-03-02  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  1.英语中的助动词有下面这些:

  (1)be, am, is, are, was, were, been, being

  (2)have, has, had, having

  (3)shall, will, should, would

  (4)do, does, did

  这些助动词一般没有词义,主要帮助构成谓语,表示时态、语态、语气等,或构成疑问及否定形式。

 

  2.助动词be可用来:

  (1)构成进行时态:

  Ill be seeing her at 10 tomorrow. 我明天十点和她会面。

  What have you been doing these days? 这些天来你在干什么?

  (2)构成被动语态:

  What has been assigned for todays homework? 今天留了什么作业?

  Preparations are being made for the speech contest. 演讲比赛的准备工作正在进行。

  (3)和动词不定式构成复合谓语,表示按计划安排即将发生的事情:

  A new hospital is to be built in our district. 我们区要修建一所新医院。

  Where are we to meet? 我们在哪里碰头?

 

  3.助动词have可用来:

  (1)构成完成时态和完成进行时态:

  Great successes have been achieved on all fronts. 在各个战线上都取得了巨大的胜利。

  That was the place I had been longing to see. 这是我一直渴望见到的地方。

  (2)和动词不定式构成谓语,表示不得不做的事情:

  The train has left.Well have to wait for the next train. 火车开了,我们得等下一班车了。

  Do we have to translate the whole text into Chinese? No,you dont have to. 我们需要把整篇课文译成汉语吗?不必。

 

  4.助动词do可以用来:

  (1)构成疑问式和否定式:

  Do you go? 你去吗? Did you go? 你去了吗?

  I did not go. 我没有去。

  (2)加强语气(用于强调谓语):

  I do think you should go. 我的确认为你应当去。

  Do come and join us. 千万要来参加我们的活动。

  (3)代替前面刚出现的动词来避免重复:

  She speaks mush more fluently now than she did last term. 她现在比上学期说得流利得多了。

  Did you see him? Yes, I did. 你看见他了吗?嗯,看见了。

 

  5.Shall可以用来:

  (1)构成将来时态,单纯表示未来情况。主要用于第一人称:

  We shant be back tonight. 我们今晚不回来。

  Tomorrow we shall have finished the whole thing. 明天就全部完成了。

  (2)用在问句中征求对方的意见和指示,主要用于第一人称:

  Shall I turn on the light? 要开灯吗?

  Shall we sit here? 咱们坐这儿怎么样?

  6.will可以用来:

  (1)构成将来时态,主要用于第二、三人称:

  Will you have anything to do tonight? 你今晚有事吗?

  They will have got to Shanghai  by this time tomorrow. 明天这时候他们就已经到上海了。

  (2)用于疑问句,表示请进、邀请:

  Will you type this,please? 请把这打一下好吗?

  Wont you come over? 请到这边来好吗?

 

  

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