2015考研英语复习,考研英语词汇是一大关键点,每个单词在不同语境中有不同含义,这时常使考研考生感到迷惑,经常会理解错词义或长难句中不知道该词语的含义,在线小编整理了2015考研英语核心词汇辨析,希望能给考研考生带来福音。
bush, shrub, jungle
这一组词均与树木有关。
bush n.矮树丛。
shrub n.有木茎的灌木,灌木丛。
jungle n.热带稠密的雨林或丛林。
certify, rectify, testify, verify
这是一组形近易混词。
certify v.证明,声称是真的。
He certified it was his wifes handwriting.他证明那是他妻子的手迹。
rectify v.改正,纠正;整顿。
He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording.他通过改变措辞纠正了合同里的错。
testify v. 宣誓作证;表明。
He is the only person who can testify in this case, because the other witnesses were killed mysteriously.由于其他的证人已经被神秘地杀害,他成为这件案例中唯一可以作证的人。
verify v. 证实或核实。
I verified the stores address by calling to check it.我打电话询问,以核实商店的地址。
compel, constrain, force, oblige
这一组动词都有强迫的意思。
compel v.强迫,迫使,常表示运用权利、力量迫使对方做某事;有时也表示别无办法,不得不做。
His illness compelled him to stay in bed.他的病迫使他卧床休息。
constrain v.力劝,强迫,与compel意思相近,但更多强调内心情感的强迫和限制作用,一般用于正式的场合。
As an artist he didnt consider himself constrained by the same rules of social conduct as other people.他认为自己是艺术家,不必象一般人那样要受到社会行为准则的约束。
force v.强迫,迫使,暴力威胁的意味较浓,常用于被动语态。
The thief forced her to hand over the money.强盗逼迫她把钱交出来。
oblige v. 强迫,迫使,常常用于被动。
We are obliged to stop the car at a red light.我们遇到红灯时必须停车。
complaint, disorder
这两个词都有疾病的意思。
complaint n.疾病;抱怨,埋怨,不满。
a heart complaint心脏病
disorder n. 疾病;骚乱,动乱;混乱,杂乱。
a disorder of the digestive system消化系统疾病
complement, supplement,append
这三个名词都有补充的意思。
complement n.补充,补充物,主要指补充不足使之完美。
Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.有咖喱的菜配米饭最棒。
supplement n.增补,补充,补贴,主要指另外补加,增补。
One year after we made our report, we had to add a supplement to cover new events.我们在报告完成一年之后,必须增补一个包含新事件的附加部分。
append n.附加,添上或补充某事物。
The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律师在合同后又附加了两页。
component, element, factor, ingredient
这一组名词都有组成成分的意思。
component n.零部件;组成部分;成分。
Tires, the engine, the body, and the seats are component of a car.轮胎,引擎,车身以及坐椅都是一辆汽车的零部件。
element n.元素;组成部分,方面;某特定类型的人或群体,分子。
The elements hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water.氢元素和氧元素构成了水。
He belongs to a bad element in this city.他属于这个城市的坏分子。
factor n.因素,要素,侧重指原因。
Endurance is an important factor in success in sports.耐力是体育比赛成功的一个重要因素。
ingredient n.原料,成分,要素。
Flour, milk, butter and yeast are some ingredients in bread.面粉、牛奶、黄油和酵母是做面包的一些原料。
comprise, compose, consist, constitute, include
这一组动词都有组成,包含的意思。
comprise v.包含,包括,由组成;组成,构成。
Our companys product line comprises 2,500 different items.我们公司的生产线是由2,500个不同的组成部分构成的。
compose v.构成,组成;由组成;创作。
The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents.委员会主要由教师和学生家长组成。
consist v.组成,构成,由组成;在于,存在于。
The problem consists of two parts.问题由两部分组成。
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.这计划的好处就在于简单易行。
constitute v.构成,组成。
Crime and illegal drugs constitute the citys major problems.犯罪和非法毒品买卖是这个城市面临的主要问题。
include v.包括,包含,把列入。
The conference delegates included representatives from abroad.大会代表中有来自海外的代表。
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