第10 讲表示头部的词根caput
学生:我被选为网球部的captain 了,这下可以出风头了。(笑),可是这captain 是指有地位的人或负责人的意思吧?
老师:captain 的词根为指人体中的caput (头部)这一拉丁语。也可以表示生命这一意思。指挥身体活动的是头部,指挥一个小组(组织)的是组长,头头,就是这么个概念。
学生:cabbage(包心菜,广东人叫包菜)好象也来自相同的词根,这也跟脑袋有关啊?不过形状倒有机分像脑袋。
老师:正是如此。cabbage 就是按照人或动物的脑袋的形象给包心菜命名的。除此以 外,capital(大都市)是指,是指产业等的头(中心)部。既然成为中心地,就必须维持众多聚居在 一起的人们的生命, 于是capitalism(资本主义)成为搞活capital (大都市)经济活动的机制。这里介绍一个较难的单词,decapitate(解雇)前面附加有de (=off ),来自用刀或在断头台上脑袋被砍掉这一意象。
同根关联词
chapter:章
chief:首領
mischief:恶作剧
precipitate:头朝地往下掉落、引申为促進某事
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