教育部最近颁布的大学英语教学大纲指出大学英语教学的目的是培养学生具有较强的阅读能力,一定的听、说、写、译能力,使他们能以英语为工具交流信息。要达到这一要求,考生在平时的学习中必须扩大阅读范围,识记较多的英语词汇,同时大力加强听说训练。但语法是英语学习的基础,语法结构掌握的好坏,直接影响到考生的听说读写能力,没有一定的语法知识,要想真正提高英语水平是不可能的。?
新大纲要求考生巩固和加深基本语法知识,提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力,这是对考生在语法方面的基本要求。在以往的英语六级考试试题中,vocabulary
and
structure部分就有专门测试考生语法知识的题目。近两年没有单独考语法法内容融入到听力、阅读、作文、英译汉等部分之中。但我们研究发现,一些拥有相当大词汇量的考生仍可能读不懂六级试题的阅读文章,写出的作文逻辑混乱,词不达意,语法仍然是大家取得高分的主要障碍。例如,有一道六级考试听力理解题:
w: what an accident! if you had been careful, things would not be as
they are.
m: what do you mean, it was my fault? if it were, surely i would
take all responsibility for it.
q: what does the man mean?
正确答案是a) he is not to blame. 句中if it were是省略了表语的虚拟条件句,完整的表达应该是if
it were my
fault,,它表示与现在的事实相反,也就是说,说话的男士根本不承认事故是由他的过失引起的,因此他也就不应该受到责备。但有许多考生因为在听材料的过程中没有弄清这一语法句话的意思,作出了错误的选择。?
又如,有一道六级考试阅读理解题:
q: according to the passage, it is the telephone that_____.?
正确答案是c) has made the world different from what it
was.本题题干是一个强调句型,问及电话的作用。而试题针对文章论述了电话产生后给整个世界带来的变化,因此c项使当今世界与过去大不一样即是正确答案。毫无疑问,考生要想做对这一题,必须能读懂文章,把握其中心,但也有许多考生因为没有掌握好强调句型的用法,读懂了文章,却没读懂题干,影响了答题。?
由此看来,要想在六级考试中实现高分突破,必须重视语法基本功。特别是对六级考试中经常遇到的复合句、动词的时态、语态和语气、非谓语动词、省略和倒装握,做到融会贯通、得心应手。但对于非英语专业的学生来说,背语法书显然是不切实际的,也是没必要的,因此考生在复习备考时应选择一本具有较强针对性的辅导用书,在较短的时间内获得系统的语法知识。
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