1、abandon,desert,forsake,quit都含有一定的放弃之意
abandon 指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划
desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)
forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋 eg.forsake ones wife and children遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits摈弃坏习惯
quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指停止 eg.quit work停止工作
2、accessory,decoration,ornament 都含有一定的装饰品之意
accessory 指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等)
decoration 指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品
ornament 指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换)
3、accomplish,complete,end,finish 都含有完成之意
accomplish 指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果
complete 指完成一件指派或预定的任务,或完善、完整未完成的部分
end 指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止
finish 指把一件事或一个动作做完,强调事情的了结、终止
4、accurate,correct,delicate,exact,precise都含有一定的正确,精确之意
accurate 准确的,精确的,指某人或某事不仅不出错,而且与事实无出入,强调准确性
correct 正确的,指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则,没有错误
delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的
exact 确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差precise 精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带吹毛求疵的贬义
5、accuse,charge,indict都含有一定的指控,控告之意
accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为指责某人,控告某人
charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人
6、achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的获得,达到之意
achieve 强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标
acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等
attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地
gain 指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西
obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西
7、acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的承认之意
acknowledge 着重公开承认,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事
admit 是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等)
concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败
confess 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶
recognize 指正式承认主权、权利等
8、affirm,assert,allege,claim都含有一定的宣称,断言之意
affirm 断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意
assert 宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称
allege 宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说
claim 声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点
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