15篇贯通大学英语四级词汇14

　　天空观察Sky Watch

　　Today the wind and rain drove fiercely against my apartment window. It was the tail end of a typhoon. Every year, as the calendar indicates the approach of autumn, these destructive tropical storms account for both death and destruction along Asias coasts. On an average there may be fifteen such storms every year. Although many civilians adopt a casual attitude towards these events, awareness is advisable.

　　今天暴风雨不在击打着我的寓所窗户，不过台风就要结束了。每年当日历提示秋天来临时，这些破坏性极强的热带风暴就会给亚洲沿海地区，带来人员伤亡和财产损失。平均每年可能有15次这样的暴风雨。面对这些灾难，很多居民抱着漫不经心的态度，但提高防范意识才是明智的。

　　As the water dripped from my balcony and accumulated into free-flowing rivers on the road beneath, I was reminded of the extreme weather that affected the residents of North America. Hurricanes, tornadoes, snowstorms, ice storms and electrical storms are all examples of extreme weather that may challenge an entire community. Each storm is unique in character, contributing its own particular fascination and fear.

　　雨水从阳台上滴落下来，在下面的道路上汇聚成肆意流淌的水流。这使我联想到侵扰北美居民的那些极端恶劣的气候。飓风、龙卷风、雪暴、冰暴和雷暴，都是可能威胁到整个社会的极端的气候现象。每次风暴都有其独特的特点，展现出特有的魔力和恐怖景象。

　　Every fall hurricanes slam the United States coast. They upset boats, fell mature trees, wash away sections of public beaches and often cause death. Fortunately with the advantage of modern prior warning systems authorities are able to keep the chaos to a minimum. Regardless, some sectors of the population still ignore the warnings. The burden of rescuing these irresponsible adults falls on the authorities. Mean while government budgets are strained. To assemble enough aid to assure assistance for all regions in a country stretches finances.

　　每年秋天，飓风都要猛烈攻击美国海岸。它们打翻船只，刮倒大树，冲毁成片的公共海滩，还常常造成人员伤亡。所幸的是，由于有了先进的预警系统，当局能够将这种混乱不堪的状况降到最低限度。但不管怎样，还是有一部分人忽视这些警告。营救这些不负责任的成年人的重任就落在了当局身上。这时，政府预算就显得很勉强。要调集足够的物资，保证为一个国家的所有地区提供帮助，使得财政吃紧。

　　Hurricanes seldom reach Ontario, Canada, but in 1954 Hurricane Hazel exposed the residents of Toronto to an awful night of flooding and terror. Responding to the disaster required the supreme effort of all the rescue departments.

　　飓风很少影响到加拿大的安大略省。但在1954年，黑兹尔飓风却使多伦多的居民遭遇了一个充满灌水和恐惧的可怕夜晚。为了应付那次灾难，所有救援机构都尽了最大的努力。

　　In Ontario where a brush winter extends from November until April, snowstorms are regular occurrence. People adjust their travel plans, sports activities and especially their mode of dress when the weather forecasters predict a severe snowstorm. Automobile drivers must be more cautious under these circumstances. Snow removal becomes a major expense for northern cities. Families adjust their weekend plans and stay together at home, sitting safely in front of a blazing fire, and viewing a video, the beauty of fluffy white snow can be appreciated when it blankets stately evergreens standing against a deep blue sky.

　　在安大略，严酷的冬天从十一月一直延续到四月，常常有暴风雪。当气象预报员预报说有恶劣的暴风雪时，人们就得调整他们的旅游和体育运动计划，特别是调整他们的衣着。汽车驾驶员在这样的环境里必须更加小心。除雪成了北方城市的主要开支之一。家庭调整了他们的周末休假计划，一起呆在家里，安全地坐在炽热的炉火前观看录像。当挺拔的常青树上挂满蓬松的白雪时，人们就可以欣赏在深蓝色天空衬托下的美丽雪景了。

　　In 1998, Ontario residents were crippled by a severe ice storm. Peoples lives came to a grinding halt when power lines crumpled under the weight of the ice. People lived without electricity for weeks. Remote parts of the province resumed normal living conditions after several months. Rocks, trees and lakes abound in the Canadian Shield area of Ontario. Electrical storms provide spectacular entertainment for summer evenings. Zigzag bolts of lightening flash across the sky the clap of thunder echoes across the water. Each storm provides a remarkable drama, one without parallel in nature.

　　1998年，安大略的居民又遭受了一场残酷的冰暴的蹂躏。电力线路在冰冻的重压下瘫痪了，人们的生命受到严重威胁。好几个星期，人们的生活中没有电。该省的偏远地区几个月后生活才恢复正常。安大略的加拿大地盾区有大量的岩石、树木和湖泊。夏天夜晚，雷暴会上演蔚为壮观的好戏。锯齿形的道道闪电相继划破长空，声声雷鸣在水面上回响。每次暴风雨都是一次大自然的绝无仅有的精彩演出。

　　When individuals encounter the impressive forces of nature we are reminded that we are indeed weak and insignificant!

　　当遭遇到令人难忘的大自然的暴力时，人们就会想到人类的确是柔弱无力而又微不足道的。

　　管道胶带The Duet Tape

　　Among the contents of the toolboxes of most people in the western world you would expect to find a hammer and nails, a drill, screw drivers and some screws. But if you were to ask people from North America what the most useful item in their toolboxes was, the majority of people would undoubtedly tell you that it was duct tape. Indeed, it has become an indispensable addition to every persons perception of what constitutes necessity.

　　星火贯通CET-4四级词汇?在西方，多数人的工具箱中，你可望找到一把锤子和一些钉子，一把钻子，几把螺丝刀和一些螺丝钉。不过，你要是问北美人什么是他们工具栏里最有用的东西，多数人会肯定地告诉你那是管道胶带。的确，在每个人认为必备的东西中，管道胶带已经是必不可少的物品了。

　　Maybe you have never heard of duct tape. It is the brand name of a tape. Not only is it a tape, but also it is a special kind of tape.

　　也许你还没有听说过管道胶带吧。它是一种带子的商标名称。它不仅是带子，而且是一种很特殊的带子。

　　The name of the tape comes from the fact that it was designed as an insulating tape that can be used in duct work . Incredible though it seems, someone actually put a picture of a duck on the packaging of the tape from one manufacturer perhaps just as a joke or maybe because the design artist did not understand the origin of the name. Neither the word duck nor duct was on the label. Presumably, it was assumed that everyone could identify the product.

　　这种带子原是用于管道工程的一种绝缘密封带子，并由此而得名。尽管看来不可思议，但确实有人将一幅鸭子的照片放在了一家生产这种带子的产品包装上。这也许只是一个玩笑，抑或是包装设计师不懂这个名称的由来。标签上既没有鸭子也没有管道字样。大概每个人都是能认得这种产品。

　　You can recognize the genuine tape because of its silver grey color. The color was likely chosen because it closely resembles the color of the pipes the color of the pipes it would be used on. That was the primary intended use of the tape. It was unlikely that the inventor realized how many other uses could be found for this product.

　　你可以认出这种真正的带子，它是银灰色的。之所以选择这种颜色，很可能是因为它与管道的颜色相似。那才是为这种带子设计的主要用途。发明人未必想到人们可能会为它找到许多其他用途。

　　Ingenious people have found many alternative uses for this tape. The binder on the tape is of good quality and it will stick to most surfaces. The tape is of great strength. It is impossible to tear the tape. It must be cut. The durable nature of the tape is one of its main assets.

　　聪明的人们发现了这种带子的许多其他用途。这种带子上的粘合剂质量很好，能够粘着在大多数物体的表面。带子的强度很大，不可能被撕破，所以必须用刀切割。耐久性是这种带子的最可贵之处。

　　It comes in a variety of widths and the length of the tape on the roll will vary as well. The number of centimeters wide and the number of meters long will determine the price of the roll.

　　它被制成多种宽度，一卷带子的长度也可以变化。一卷带子有几厘米宽和几米长决定了它的价格。

　　The duct tape is acquiring fame as the number of its uses for it exceeds the thoughts possible. The number of uses for this tape will amaze you. One internet Website started out trying to identify 101 uses for the duct tape and the list has well over 200 uses on it now. Maybe there are an infinite number of uses. Some of the items it lists involve an imagination but others are quite genuine. Not even a kindergarten student requires instruction on how to use it. One idea seems to generate another, inspired by the unique way someone else has decided to make use of the tape. However, some of the uses are not feasible to execute. For instance, the use of the tape as a bandage is not recommended. It could cause injury when it is removed. You must evaluate the list with a sense of humor as some of the uses could embarrass a person. The commercial value of the tape is undoubtedly tremendous with huge profits resulting from the sales. The product practically promotes itself without much need for publicity.

　　管道胶带之所以有名，在于它的用途超出人们的想象，多得让人吃惊。一个互联网站最开始为这种带子列举了101种用途，而现在这个清单上已经超过200种了。可能有数不完的用途。在这个清单上有的用途可能只是一种想象，但其他一些用途确实是相当实在的。甚至幼儿园的学童不用教就可以学会怎样使用。别人以独特的方式使用带子的富有灵感的一个念头似乎会引发另外的想法。不过， 有些用途是不可行的。例如，将这种带子作为绷带就不值得推荐。去掉它时会造成伤害。你必须带着幽默感去评价这份清单，因为有些用途会给人带来麻烦。这咱带子的商业价值毫无疑问是巨大的，能带来丰厚的销售利润。实际上，这种产品不需要广泛宣传，本身就可以促销。

　　Sometimes you see people, usually male rather than female, wearing shirts that have a slogan written on them that says, I can fix anythingand then there is a picture of a duct tape below the saying. The implication presumably is that the duct tape replaces skill.

　　有时候你看到人们，通常是男性而非女性，穿的衬衫上写着：我能维修一切的字样，下面有张管道胶带的图片。其含义当然是这种管道胶带能取代技能。

　　Another good marketing strategy that people enjoy is the use of a calendar. There is one page on the calendar for every day of the year and each page shows and describes a new use of the duct tape.

　　另一个人们惯用的有效营销策略是利用日历。有种日历上一年中的每一天都有单独一页，每页上都展示和说明管道胶带的一种新用途。

　　One of the typical uses of the duct tape is to repair a leak in a faucet or water tap. If the hose of a vacuum cleaner has a hole in it, the duct tape will come to rescue. Almost every household in North America has at least one roll of duct tape. People keep it handy and use it to repair almost everything. No one would think it necessary to justify the purchase of extra rolls of tape, so the sales continue to increase.

　　管道胶带的一个典型的用途是修理水龙头。如果真空吸尘器上面的软管有个洞，管道胶带就派上用场了。几乎北美的每个家庭都至少有一卷管道胶带。人们身边有了它，可以修理几乎所有东西。人人都认为购买额外的带子是必要的，所以销量在继续攀升。

　　Many people like to boast about how often they use the tape. They say that the usage of duct tape has allowed them to simplify their life and to decrease the cost of repairs.

　　许多人喜欢夸耀他们是如何经常地使用这种带子。他们说使用管道胶带简化了他们的生活，并且减少了修理费用。

　　It can be used indoors in the interior of a house but there are abundant uses outside the house as well. If there is a chip out of a glass object, the duct tape can be used to protect the user from being injured.

　　它不仅可用于室内，在室外也有广泛的用途。比如玻璃制品破裂后产生碎片，管道胶带可用于保护使用者不受伤害。

　　Repairing or reinforcing a joint on an aluminum ladder that a person is using would be a valuable use of the tape.

　　修理或加固一个人正在使用的铝制梯子的接头时，可以利用这种带子。

　　The tape has proved to be bargain. Even if the manufacturers charged twice as much for the tape, it would still be a best seller in the western world. The retail price is very reasonable. In addition it is convenient to store, and despite the number of apparent uses, people are always finding more ways to utilize it. It has become a vital item for every household.

　　这种带子的确是廉价品。即使厂家把售价提高一倍，它在西方仍然是畅销货。它的零售价非常合理。此外，它容易储存，虽然有许多明显的用途，人们仍然可以发现更多新的使用方法。它已经成为每个家庭必备的物品。

　　The glue on the tape is a wonderful adhesive agent and will bond well to anything from a piece of crystal to the handle of a broom. There have been reports of people using the tape to trap insects. Crickets, for example, were found stuck to the tape by one person. Maybe the glue was able to attract them or maybe they just were in the wrong place. Criminals have been known to use the tape on their victims. During a robbery, a robber used the duct tape on the witnesses to keep them from reporting the crime until he had escaped. It was apparent that the robber came armed with the duct tape, anticipating the need for its use.

　　这种带子的粘胶是一种极好的粘合剂，它能牢固地粘接到任何东西上，不论是一块水晶还是一个扫帚把。据报道，有人用这种带子诱捕昆虫。例如有人曾用带子粘住蟋蟀。也许是这种粘胶对昆虫有吸引力，也可能只是认错了地方。罪犯们也知道将这种带子用于受害者。在一次抢劫中， 一个劫犯用管道胶带将目击者粘住，使他们不能去报案，直到罪犯逃之夭夭。显然，那个劫犯是带着管道胶带来的，事先考虑到它的用途。

　　One evening a sea breeze was causing a window on a campus dormitory to crash repeatedly as the clasp on it had been broken. The Duct tape put a swift end to the nuisance of the constant banging. Although it was obvious it was not a permanent solution of the problem, nevertheless, the temporary use of the duct tape was appreciated until the window could be replaced or someone could install a better latch.

　　一天晚上，一阵海风使校园宿舍的一扇窗子碰来碰去，响个不停，因为上面的钩子坏了。管道胶带很快就止住宅楼了那讨厌的持续不断的碰撞声。尽管那显然不是解决问题的长远之计，但在换掉那扇窗子或有人为它安装一个好插销之前，仍不失为一种值得赞许的临时办法。

　　You can even accomplish repairs on vehicles, which sometimes means the difference between being stopped in traffic or being able to continue your journey. Many motorists have had to resort to the use of the duct tape in an emergency situation. Drivers often keep a roll of duct tape in the trunk of their car for that reason. It is a tremendous relief when you are able to wrap a piece of duct tape around a leaking hose that you discover at a time when it is not convenient to replace it. Thanks to the duct tape, the driver can become mobile again. The fear of being stranded on a lonely stretch of highway is lessened when you carry a duct tape.

　　你甚至可以成功地修理交通工具，有时候这就决定了你是停止前进还是继续你的行程。许多机动车驾驶员在紧急情况下不得不求助于管道胶带。为此，驾驶员们常常在他们的车厢里放上一卷管道胶带。当你发现管子漏了，又不便于更换，而你却能够用一段管道胶带包缠好时，该是多么的惬意啊。用了管道胶带，驾驶员又可以上路了。只要你备有管道胶带，对在公路的偏僻路段上束手无策的担心就会少多了。

　　Other forms of transportation make good use of the tape as well. Usage for it can be found on boats, and also on airplanes. For instance, a sky driver once reported that jumping out of a small airplane did not scare her as much as riding in a small plane that appeared to have lots of duct tape.

　　在其他的交通方式上管道胶带也有它的用途。在船上有它的用途，在飞机上也有。比如，一个跳伞运动员曾说，如果所乘的小飞机上同时还载有很多管道胶带的话，从小飞机上跳出来比乘坐小飞机还安全。

　　Sports and recreational activities make good use of this tape as well. If youre audio cassette player will not stay closed, use a piece of duct tape to position the tape holder. It might look odd but it will serve the purpose. If a hockey stick needs to be taped, use duct tape!

　　运动和娱乐活动也是这种带子的用武之地。如果你的盒式磁带放音机不紧，就用一节管道胶带固定磁带卡吧。看起来有点怪怪的，却很管用。如果曲棍球棍需要用带子包缠，那就用管道胶带吧!运动员们，不管是职业的还是业余的，都喜欢用它。

　　It can be used to compress a package, making more cargo fit in a carrier. You can use it repair a leaky toilet, or to fix a crack on a toilet seat.

　　它可以用来压紧包裹，使得一件行李中装进更多的东西。可以用它修补漏水的马桶，修理马桶座圈的裂缝。

　　If you wrap duct tape around a newspaper, it can be used to make a dogs chew toy.

　　如果用管道胶带缠卷一张报纸，就可以用做狗嚼棒。

　　If you get an opportunity to use this product, you will also discover many uses for it and you will agree that it is one of the worlds best inventions.

　　你要是有机会使用这种产品，并发现它的许多用途，你就会同意说它是世界上最好的发明之一。

　　诺尔曼?白求恩：一个在中国的加拿大英雄Norman Bethune: a Canadian Hero in China

　　Norman Bethune was born in Graven Hurst, Ontario, Canada in 1890. His family had a long history of human service, a fact that undoubtedly shaped his life in later years. From the outset, as a young university student, he developed a mission, or goal in life, of compassion and commitment to helping the less fortunate to find freedom from the chains of poverty. In earnest, he developed a selflessness that dominated his whole life, but not without personal sacrifice. He was in a troubled marriage that consequently ended in divorce. Progressive medicine and humanitarian deeds became the sole purposes of his life. Understandably, his much younger wife, Frances, could not tolerate this situation.

　　诺尔曼?白求恩于1890年出生在加拿大安大略省的格雷文赫斯特。他的家族有从事公共事业的悠久历史，这毫无疑问地影响了他以后的发展。从一开始，他还是一个青年大学生的时候，他就立下志向，他的丛生目标就是要有一颗怜悯之心，承担起社会责任，帮助不幸的人们摆脱贫困的桎梏，获得自由。他坚定不移地培养了一种无私的精神，这种精神贯穿他的一生，从不考虑个人的得失。他有一次不成功的婚姻，最终以离婚收场。他生活中的唯一目的是让医术精益求精和积极从事人道主义活动。在这种情况下，可想而知，比他年轻得多的妻子弗朗西斯是难以接受的。

　　From 1911to 1912, Bethune worked as a lumberjack and teacher in a remote area of Ontario. He taught at Frontier College, a unique school that provided basic education to adult workers at the lumber camps.

　　1911年到1912年，白求恩在安大略的一个偏远地区做一名伐木工和教师。他在边疆学院教书。那是一所专门为伐木营地的成年工人提供基础教育的学校。

　　During the First World War, he became a stretcher bearer . He, himself, was wounded by shrapnel . He was confined, as a patient, to hospitals for months, receiving therapy and recuperating from his injuries.

　　第一次大战期间，他成了一名担架手。他自己也被流弹所伤。作为一个病人，他不得不在医院住了几个月，接受治疗，等待伤口康复。

　　After the war, he completed his internship at the hospital for sick children in London, England, leading to a certificate as A Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons.

　　战后，他在英国伦敦的儿童医院完成了实习医师期，领到了皇家外科医学院会员的资格证书。

　　Later, in the United States, Bethune came in contact with poverty and deprivation, but his skills as a doctor also attracted wealthy patients who were willing to pay for services usually denied to the poor. He began to appreciate how money was corrupting the medical system. He developed an acute concern for the unattended medical needs and suffering among the poor. His mission was to relieve, as much as he could, the plight of the less fortunate. He was appalled at the indifference shown by governments to these conditions. It was at his time that his own health suffered a setback. He had developed tuberculosis of the left lung and had to undergo a successful but dangerous operation. This episode with his health had a tremendous impact on his life. It stimulated an interest in thoracic medicine, especially the surgical aspects in this field and for a couple of years he worked at a tuberculosis hospital in the United States.

　　之后，在美国，白求恩就与贫穷和落后联系在一起了。但他的医术也吸引了富有的病人，他们可以付钱来得到那些通常拒绝对穷人进行的治疗。他认识到金钱是如何腐蚀医疗系统的，并开始急切地关注被人忽视的穷人中的医疗需求和苦难。他的使命就是尽其所能地使不幸的人们摆脱困境。他对政府漠视这些情况感到震惊。也就在这时，他自己的健康开始恶化。他的左肺染上了肺结核，于是他进行了一次成功但很危险的手术。健康上出现的这一段插曲，对他的一生产生了极大的影响。这激发了他对心胸科医学，特别是该领域的外科方面的兴趣，促使他在美国的一家肺病医院工作了几年。

　　Following this interval in the United States, in 1929, he began to specialize in thoracic medicine at the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal. He also began to write in medical journals, outlining new surgical techniques. Later, he invented developed and refined surgical instruments.

　　在美国工作的这段时间之后，1929年，他开始成为蒙特利尔的皇家维多利亚医院胸科医学专家。他开始在医学杂志上撰写文章介绍新的外科技术。后来，他发明、研究并改进了外科仪器。

　　In 1935, he journeyed to the Soviet Union to attend the International Physiological Congress. The Communist Parties of Canada and the United States had made arrangements for him to go. By this time, Bethune had become a member of the Communist Party of Canada. Returning to Canada, he was convinced, more than ever, that democratic societies needed to develop publicly financed health care for all of their citizens. Bethune had earlier set up a free medical clinic in Montreal. His conscience dictated that he should work for this goal.

　　1935年，他到苏联访问，出席国际生理学大会，是加拿大共产党和美国共产党安排他去的。那时，白求恩已经是一名加拿大共产党员。回到加拿大后，他更加深信民主国家需要建立针对所有公民的公共健康保障体系。早些时候白求恩在蒙特利尔建了一所免费诊所。他的良心支配着他为这些目标而工作。

　　The Struggle of the Spanish Republic against Fascist aggression took him to Spain for a medical adventure and challenge. In Madrid, he pioneered a mobile blood transfusion unit in the field. He collected blood, which was then transported to where it was needed for the wounded along the 600-mile battlefront. These efforts were reported to have reduced deaths from war by up to 75%. Thousands of people owed their lives to Dr. Bethune. His bedside manner became legendary, and it was another measure of this man.

　　后来，西班牙共和国反抗法西斯侵略的斗争使他来到西班牙进行一次医学上的冒险和挑战。在马德里，他首创了一家战地流动血站。他收集血液，然后沿600英里的前线送到伤员需要的地方。据所道，这些努力将战争中的死亡率减少到75%。成千上万的人感谢白求恩大夫挽救了他们的生命。他对待病人的态度也享有盛名，它也是这个人物的另一个侧面。

　　He returned to Canada to go on a speaking tour to raise money for humanitarian efforts among the Spanish people. During this circuit of speaking engagements, Bethune elaborated eloquently on the desperate needs of these people. His ability to communicate effectively made this tour a success. His undisputed talents were attracting widespread attention. Dr. Bethune became the ultimate international volunteer to help less fortunate people whatever he could.

　　他回到加拿大继续巡回演讲，为西班牙人民的人道主义需要筹集资金。在这次巡回演讲期间，白求恩竭尽所能，详细描述了那里的人民的迫切需要。他那卓越的交际能力使得这次巡回演讲获得成功。他的勿庸置疑的才能引起了广泛注意，白求恩大夫成了杰出的国际志愿者，竭尽所能帮助不幸的人民。

　　In the meantime, Japan was resuming its aggression against China. The decade of the 1930s was the era of Fascist aggression throughout the world. Bethunes knowledge of the long history of western aggression and exploitation in China made him conclude that his services were needed there.

　　与此同时，日本开始入侵中国。19世纪30年代是法西斯肆虐全世界的时期。白求恩知道西方对中国长期进行侵略和剥削的历史，这让他认定那里需要他的服务。

　　In January 1938, he sailed to Chinese mainland. He stated that he refused to condone wars which greedy men make against others. He went on to say that Spain and China respectively were parts of the same battle . The Japanese

　　had chased the Chinese into the northwest part of the latters country. Mao Tsedung met Bethune only once, but they remained acquaintances by correspondence.

　　1938年1月，他乘船来到中国大陆。他说，他无法容忍贪婪的人所发动的侵害另一部分人的战争。他继续宣讲西班牙和中国都是同一场战争的组成部分。日本人已经把中国人逼近到了中国的西北部。毛泽东只与白求恩见过一面，但他们通过书信保持联系。

　　Bethune almost immediately set out for the hazardous surroundings of the mountain ranges of Yen an. In the company of the Eighth Route Army, Bethune practiced his profession as best as he could. There were no mobile units and there was a desperate need to recruit medical trainees and convey his knowledge and skills to meet the needs of the soldiers. Consequently, there was an urgent requirement for illustrated medical manuals.

　　白求恩立即投身到延安山区复杂危险的环境中。在八路军的协助下，白求恩尽其所能地发挥他的专业特长。没有移动的设备，急需征召实习医生，将他的知识和技能传授给他们，以满足部队的需要。相应的，还急需带图解的医疗手册。

　　Both soldiers and peasants required a good deal of medical attention. Again, under very trying conditions, and with a lot of nerve, determination and courage, Bethune and his crew of Chinese assistants were eventually able to establish and coordinate over twenty medical and nursing teaching hospitals. Because of shortages of personnel and other difficulties, Bethune himself routinely operated for days without reasonable breaks. In one period, he worked continually for sixty-nine hours on a total of one hundred and fifteen patients. His ability to endure such hard conditions and retain his sanity was little short of a miracle. It was under these conditions that his life became abruptly doomed. In October of 1939, possible suffering from extreme fatigue, he accidentally cut his left hand with the blade of his scalpel. Without proper medical supplies and with germs everywhere, his hand became infected and blood poisoning spread. He died on November 12, 1939.

　　士兵和农民们都需要医疗。为此，在极端困难的情况下，凭着胆识、决心和勇气，白求恩和他的中国助手们终于建立和配备了20多所医疗和护理教学医院。由于人员短缺和其他困难，白求恩自己整天还要照例进行手术，休息不足。有段时间，他为115个病人连续工作了69个小时。他忍受这种艰苦条件和保持头脑清醒的能力真是一个奇迹。这样的条件注定了他突如其来的命运。1939年，也许是极度疲劳的缘故，他意外地被他的解剖刀片割破了左手。没有必需的药品，到处是细菌，他手上的伤口因而受到感染，血液中毒扩散开来。他于1939年11月12日去世。

　　Dr. Norman Bethunes stature became even greater in death. The affection of the Chinese people for him swelled Emotions ran high upon the news of his death. His capacity to move people, and his insight into humanity was never so evident as during this period. The Chinese people were extremely grateful that such a man had crossed their paths.

　　诺尔曼?白求恩大夫的崇高精神在他去世后影响更加深远。中国人民更加热爱他。他去世的消息使人们非常悲痛。他激励人们的这种能力和他对人道主义的洞察力从来都不像这时如此的明显。中国人民非常感谢这位把足迹留在他们土地上的人。

　　During this solemn time, tributes to Bethune came from many parts of the world. He was described as an activist, a writer, a teacher, an administrator, and above all, a great doctor. Mao said of him, We must all learn the spirit of absolute selflessness from him.

　　在这个庄严的时刻，对白求恩的悼念来自全世界。他被称为活动家、作家、教师、管理者，还有最主要的，是一个伟大的医生。毛泽东说我们必须学习他毫不利已的精神。

　　After a very simple funeral, as he, had requested, Dr. Norman Bethune was buried in the Mausoleum of the Martyrs in Shih Chia Chuang, southeast of Beijing. The Chinese named a medical school and a hospital in his memory. Many other memorials have been erected in his memory over the years.

　　在一个按他本人生前要求的非常简单的葬礼之后，诺尔曼?白求恩大夫埋葬在北京东南的石家庄的烈士陵墓。中国人以他的名字命名了一所医学院和一所医院。多年来，各地建了许多怀念他的纪念碑和纪念馆。

　　One ironic tragedy of all of this was that, up until 1973, Dr. Bethune had never received much recognition from his native country of Canada. Furthermore, he was not even acknowledged for his accomplishments, presumably because of his communist connection. In 1973, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, another Canadian who had spent a good deal of time in China in his earlier years, convinced his Government to purchase the Bethune house in Graven Hurst, Ontario, and dedicated it as Bethune Memorial House.

　　与此相反，具有讽刺意味的是，直到1973年，白求恩大夫还没有在他的祖国加拿大得到应有的承认。甚至于连他的造诣都不被认可。1975年，皮尔?特鲁多总理，早年在中国度过很长时间的另一位加拿大人，说服了他的政府，买下了安大略省格雷文赫斯特的白求恩的房子，用作白求恩纪念馆。

　　Dr. Bethunes impact on medicine was not singular. His career was very comprehensive, as noted above, as he attained an extraordinary list of accomplishments of highest merit. Among his many goals, was one goal that was not fulfilled until after his death? In 1938, while in china, he recommended a universal health system for Canada. Ironically, Donald Sutherland, the Canadian actor who played Bethune in the movie about the latters life, called Bethune: the Making of a Hero, had been married to the daughter of Douglas. Douglas, when he was the Socialist Premier of Saskatchewan, a western province in Canada, set up a social medicine scheme in his province. Later, in the 1960s, as a Member of Parliament in the national government, Douglas Played a significant role in establishing a national health system. He later became known as the father of Canadas Medicare system, as it was eventually called.

　　白求恩大夫在医学上的影响是多方面的。如上所述，他的职业生活涉及面十分广泛，他取得了一系列卓越成就。在他的许多目标中，有一个直到他去世之后才完成。1938年，还在中国的时候，他建议在加拿大建立全民保健制度。巧合得很，在一部关于白求恩生平的电影英雄白求恩中扮演白求恩的加拿大演员，唐纳德萨瑟兰，娶了道格拉斯的女儿。道格拉斯在担任萨斯喀彻温省社会党总理时，在该省建立了社会医疗制度。后来，在20世纪60年代，作为中央政府的一名国会议员，道格拉斯在建立全国卫生保健制度的过程中扮演了一个很重要的角色。他最后成为著名的加拿大医疗保险制度的创始人。

　　Bethune is probably best known for his introduction of the mobile blood bank to the battlefield, and giving blood transfusions in the midst of heavy fighting. China worships him almost as a saint. Upon his death, the Chinese gave him a fond farewell. The charity of his soul still lives on among many Chinese. As Canadian teachers in China, we are often greeted by Chinese people, who make references of praise to this Great Canadian Doctor and humanitarian. Unfortunately, many Canadians know little about the incredible work for humanity undertaken by this remarkable man. This decent, in many ways, simple man was, indeed, one of the great world ambassadors who fought for the poor and less fortunate.

　　或许，白求恩因为他首次把流动血站引进战场并在激烈战斗当中进行输血治疗而声名远播。中国几乎尊他为圣人。对于他的去世，中国人表示了深切地悼念。他的博爱精神仍然活在许多中国人的心中。作为在中国的加拿大教师，我们常常受到中国人的礼遇，他们经常提到并赞扬这位伟大的加拿大医生和人道主义者。不幸的是，许多加拿大人对这位非凡的人所从事过的难以置信的人道主义工作知之甚少。这位正派朴素的人，的确是一位与贫穷和不幸做斗争的伟大的国际大使