两者都是形容词,但词义不同。
economic意为经济上的,经济学的;而economical意为节约的,节省的,常用于be economical of结构。例如:
economic growth经济增长
an economical person节俭的人
典型考题:Being of money,she managed to save enough for a holiday.
A.economic B.economical C.economics D.economies
答案为B.句意:由于节省,她设法储够了度假的钱。economics经济学,经济情况;economies节约,节省,节俭。
2.efficient effective
形容词efficient与effective都表示有效的。efficient指有效率的,高效率的,有能力的,常指人;而effective表示有效的,效率好的,得力的,常指政策、措施等。如:
a very efficient production manager 一位非常得力的生产经理
effective teaching 效果好的教学
典型考题:A lawyer needs an secretary.
A.inefficient B.efficient C.effective D.sufficient
答案为B.句意:律师需要一位能干的秘书。inefficient不能胜任的,没有能力的;sufficient充分的,足够的。
3.electric electrical
electric与electrical均作形容词用,但前者用来指用电来驱动的,由电产生的,后者为与电有关的。另外electric还可以表示令人震惊的。例如:
an electric torch(generator)电筒(发电机)
an electrical engineer电机工程师
典型考题:His speech had an
effect on the crowd;they all cheered him.
A.electric B.electrical C.electronic D.elastic
答案为A.句意:他的演说震撼人心,整个人群都向他欢呼。 electronic电子的;elastic有弹性的。
4.eminent imminent
eminent和imminent都是形容词,词形相似,但词义不同。eminent指着名的,卓越的,杰出的; imminent指即将发生的,迫在眉睫的。例如:
Washington was eminent both as a general and as president.华盛顿作为一位将军和总统,都是出类拔萃的。
The black clouds and the lightning show that a storm is imminent.乌云和闪电表明暴风雨即将来临。
典型考题:As we know,Churchill was one of the worlds most statesmen.
A.eminent B.imminent C.illicit D.explicable
答案为A.句意:众所周知,邱吉尔是世界上最卓越的政治家之一。A与B较易混淆,前者意为着名的;后者意为逼近的,即将发生的。illicit违法的;explicable可解释的,可说明的。
5.emotional emotive
emotional与emotive并不同义,却常被混淆。emotional表示充满感情的,易动感情的,主语多为人;
emotive表示使人激动的,令人感动的之意,主语多为物。如:
an emotional person 易动感情的人
an emotive speech 令人感动的演讲
典型考题:Women are often said to be more than men.
A.emotions B.motions C.emotional D.emotive
答案为C.句意:常常说女人比男人易动感情。emotions是人类精神情感的总称,包括喜、怒、哀、乐等情绪;motions运动,动作。
6.enviable envious
enviable表示值得羡慕的,多作定语用。如an enviable possession一笔令人羡慕的财产。而envious表示羡慕的,嫉妒的,常用于短语be envious of(羡慕,嫉妒)。
典型考题:Mary would always be of her sisters beauty.
A.envoy B.various C.enviable D.envious
答案为D.句意:玛丽总是嫉妒她妹妹的美丽。envoy使节,公使;various各种各样的,不同的。
7.equal equivalent
equal与equivalent近义。但equal指在大小、质量、数量、形状、价值等方面相当或相等,常用词组be equal to(等于,和相等),而
equivalent指在意义、重要性等抽象的方面相当或相等。另外,equal可作名词用,表对手,匹敌者。如:
equal pay for equal work 同工同酬
His behavior is equivalent to treason.他的行为等于背叛。
典型考题:John knows so much about the stars that I am sure it would be impossible to find his .
A.similar B.reflection C.equal D.equivalent
答案为C.句意:约翰对星球的知识如此渊博,我可以断定没有人可以与他匹敌。similar类似的,和to连用;reflection倒影,反射。
8.exhausting exhaustive
exhausting与exhaustive是同根形容词,但词义差别很大。exhausting意为使人疲惫不堪的,筋疲力尽的。而exhaustive表示彻底的,无遗漏的,广泛的。如:
We had a long and exhausting meeting this morning.今天上午我们开了一个使人疲倦的长会。
I dont claim to be exhaustive on this subject.
我并不认为自己把这个问题讲透了。
典型考题:The professor did research before writing the article.
A.exhausting B.exhaustive C.exhibited D.executed
答案为B.句意:这位教授在写这篇文章之前,做了全面的调查研究。exhibit展览,陈列; execute执行,如execute orders执行命令。
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