在阅读中我们常会遇到含有to ones+情感名词这一结构的句子,如:To my relief, my sons life was not in danger 这种结构表示由于某事的发生而刺激了我们的内心世界,由此唤起某种情感。汉语意思为令某人的是或使某人感到。这种结构在使用中有以下特点:
1.这种结构在句中的位置比较灵活,既可在句首,也可在句中或句末。在它的前后可用逗号与句子其他成分隔开,也可不用。例如:
To my surprise,his painting won the prize.令我吃惊的是,他的画得了奖。
The captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly.船长惊讶地意识到泰坦尼克号正在迅速下沉。
He did the work to his managers satisfaction.这项工作他做得使他的经理满意。
能够用于这种结构中的情感名词,除了上面例句中的词外,还有:admiration,
amusement,annoyance,despair,disgust, distress,happiness,puzzlement,joy,regret, shame,sorrow,astonishment,vexation等。
2.在这种结构中,情感名词前常可以用great,deep等形容词修饰。例如:
To my great joy,she said she would marry me.她说她愿意和我结婚,这使我感到非常高兴。
To my deep regret,Ican not accept your offer.非常抱歉,我不能接受你的建议。
3.在此结构中介词to前面也可以用程度副词greatly或much来修饰。例如:
Greatly to my disgust/annoyance,he was late again.令我极为反感/恼怒的是,他又迟到了。
Much to our regret,we are obliged to decline your kind invitation.使我们感到非常遗憾的是,我们不得不谢绝你的盛情邀请。
4.这一结构还可以将两个情感名词并列使用。例如:
To her joy and satisfaction,her daughter won the first prize in the speech contest.使她高兴和满意的是,她的女儿在演讲比赛中获得了头奖。
To her great disappointment and vexation she failed in English examination again.使她大为失望和极为苦恼的是,她英语考试又没及格。
5.遇到普通名词或专有名词,可以用它们的s所有格形式,也可用to the +情感名词+of+名词或代词的形式。例如:
To everyones surprise,his mad plan succeeded.令大家感到惊讶的是,他那狂妄的计划成功了。
To the surprise of everybody,the beggar took out a bag of gold.使每个人都大吃一惊的是,那个乞丐取出一袋金子。
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