根据全国大学英语四、六级考试改革方案(试行),全国大学英语四、六级考试改革项目组和考试委员会设计了四级考试新题型测试卷,并于近日公布。在样卷中,仔细阅读部分(Reading in Depth)占整张试卷分值的25%.考试题型又分为两种:A) 选择题型的篇章阅读理解;B) 篇章层次的词汇理解 (Banked Cloze) 或短句问答 (Short Answer Question)。笔者仔细研究了样题,并根据多年阅读的教学经验,以下就仔细阅读部分进行一个详细地分析。
第一部分 篇章层次的词汇理解 (Banked Cloze)
这是一种新题型,对于众多考生而言,似曾相识,与传统考题的cloze有一定程度的类似。此次试点卷中,Banked Cloze文章长度245个单词,近乎于一篇传统阅读文章的长度。其间除去10个单词,后面有A到O,十五个单词选项,要求考生选择正确的单词填入文章。首先考察的无疑是学生对于每个待选词的微观了解,主要包含单词的中文释义以及更为重要的词性问题。同时兼顾文章的宏观结构,实际语境,包括逻辑性、连贯性以及部分句子结构语法要求的考察。就难度本身而言,并没有超越之前公布的样卷。
与原本的词汇题相比较,对于单词本身的考核要求相对较低,文篇的理解也是最终获得正确答案必不可少的步骤。
样题解析El Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47 happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48 , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 C. The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮湿的) air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51. El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 El Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years. Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will 55 , but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
A) estimate B) strength C) deliberately D) notify E) tropical F) phenomenon G) stable H) attraction I) completely J) destructive K) starvation L) bringing M) exhaustion N) worth O) strike
然后把选项进行归类,其中名词有B,F,H,K,M,动词包含A,D,O,L 其中只有L为现在分词形式,其余皆为动词原型;形容词包括E, G, J,N,另外还有C,I 两个副词。可简单做标示。
通读原文,第47题明显应该填入一个名词作为happens的主语,根据句子开首this指代词的提示,填入的名词当为前句梗概的指代,即厄尔尼诺现象,此处即为表现象用词,选F.48空位置与介词之后,按照语法介宾短语的搭配要求,从剩下四个名词选项做四选一的选择,根据下文匹配的温度升高,可得此处也为一项指数,只有B)strength得选。49,明显为形容词选项,而经过词性整理,我们可以知道这也只是一个四选一的题。50许为全文语法要求最高的,按照英语语言习惯,一个句号前只能出现一个主句,因而在主句谓语动词已经确立的情况下,floods不可能再为动词而是名词,50的位置也只有非谓语动词和介词两种选择,而选项中完全没有介词,这里的非谓语动词,只有一个,根据语法判断,此处选项唯一。
下文还有类似53这样的数字词组搭配(eight billion worth of damage),建立在一定程度的语言熟悉度和语感上。
每做一题,确定后就可以把选得的答案从15个选项中划去,以降低以后选项的难度。大家可以根据这个方法轻松搞定其他的空格。
最后我们再复读全文,发现文章非常流畅通顺,也就标志着我们大功告成了。
第二部分 选择题型的篇章阅读理解这部分是考生们最为熟悉的四选一的选择题。
新老试卷最大的区别就是由原来的四篇文章二十道题目变为两篇文章十道题目。而其他无论是从选材的特点,文章的长度,出题的思路,解题的技巧都是秉承了传统,考生们还是应该根据历年的真题,好好复习。从样题看,主要还是考察考生们两大能力,即主题和定位。要求考生读完一篇文章之后,能够抓住文章的主题,然后根据题干中的中心词迅速返回原文定位到一句话,最后根据同义改写的原则,选出正确答案。第一篇文章通读原文首句即可得,文章主要讨论公司与诚信度之间的关系。根据选项服从文章主旨原则,57题在选项中即可获得唯一涉及honesty的D选项。
58是一处细节体现,出现在文章第三段。文章第三句的首句通过常规长句插入语处理方法,可直接获得句子的谓语surprise,与题干形成一定的对应。答案与原文当中有比较原则最高级直接对应,正确选项的most likely与原文中的the biggest直接对应。
59也属细节对应,依原文顺序与出题顺序一致原则,循58答案继续往下,在文章第四段中可寻获答案:people appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account.即,他们是害怕自己的谎言有迹可循。与选项AThey are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies.完全吻合。
60题成为了部分学生讨论的焦点,原文当中stretch 一词有夸大滥用之意,与题干中的exaggerate相符,因而B成为了最终答案。
上一篇: 英语四级阅读部分综述
下一篇: 英语四级
国际英语资讯:UK PM pleas for unity as MPs prepare to debate crucial Brexit bill
国际英语资讯:Russia urges U.S. to return diplomatic properties
科学告诉你:关于怀孕的这些老话居然不是迷信
怎样让高跟鞋穿起来更舒服
国际英语资讯:Over 2,000 IS militants killed in Iraqs Tal Afar
国际英语资讯:Trump revisits Texas as pressure to meet with survivors mounts
国际英语资讯:Houston Mayor asks residents with water in homes near reservoir to evacuate
体坛英语资讯:Shanghai earns gold in mens team sabre at Chinese National Games
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: Icy U.S.-Russia relations set to get even colder after closure of Russian consula
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: Chinas Alipay introduced to Finlands biggest department store
国际英语资讯:Bangladesh Nobel laureate granted bail by court
国际英语资讯:Zimbabwe VP Mnangagwa now fit and strong: Mugabe
国际英语资讯:President Trump: U.S. considering cutting all trade with countries doing business with DPRK
国内英语资讯:Chinese State Councilor Wang Yi offers condolences, help to Philippine quake victims
国际英语资讯:UNESCO rings alarm over rise in violence against media
国内英语资讯:China, Brazil agree to further advance comprehensive strategic partnership
帅呆了!2017油管各路牛人视频集锦
国际英语资讯:Merkel defends refugee policy as Schulz attacks in TV debate
体坛英语资讯:Sandro, Jemerson drafted into Brazil squad
国内英语资讯:China makes progress in workplace safety
国内英语资讯:Li urges China, ASEAN to uphold multilateralism, free trade
国内英语资讯:Xi stresses efforts to improve governance of modern metropolises
国内英语资讯:Chinas legislature wraps up bimonthly session
国内英语资讯:China encourages businesses to invest in Brazil
一周热词榜(8.26-9.1)
体坛英语资讯:Chinas Sun takes comfortable win in 200m freestyle at National Games
国际英语资讯:Disaster state for Houston area extended for 2 weeks: official
国际英语资讯:Chinas new energy vehicle industry on fast lane for growth
国内英语资讯:Small, micro-businesses become main force in Chinese market
体坛英语资讯:Li Bingjie breaks womens 400m freestyle Asian record