2012年12月英语四级篇章词汇阅读篇(1)

　　要顺利的通过新四级，阅读能力可说是重中之中，而篇章词汇阅读更是一大难点。它要求我们了解所给出词汇的意思，词性，相关词组，短语，固定搭配等;还有句子结构，通过上下文来进行理解，最重要的，还是语感。

　　做好篇章词汇阅读，除了有对单词的要求，还有就是对语感的培养。而语感的培养，无非就是多听，多看，多读。

　　Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts __1__ questions, and so on.

　　For most of the time this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become __2__ of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __3__ and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level.

　　Different people __4__ with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page, others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is __5__ in the text. The latter represents __6__ levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.

　　There is another conversation which from our point of view is __7__ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a process conversation as __8__ to a content conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the __9__ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well __10__. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation.

　　A)opposed B)converse C)equally D)written

　　E)developed F)strategies G)compared H)awake

　　I)higher J)expectations K)deal L)absolutely

　　M)aware N)better O)further

　　参考答案及解析:

　　1. 选 O )。 很明显此处应填形容词。可选项有 higher 和 further ，原文为 根据答案反复提出。。。问题 ，但 higher 一般强调的是层次上的高低，因此不能用来修饰 question ，故只有 further 更进一步的 符合题意。

　　2. 选 M )。 此处应填形容词且能与 of 构成固定搭配。可选项有 awake 和 aware ，由前一句中 below the level of consciousness (即 unconsciousness )和此句中 however 转折可以推出，此处应填与 consciousness 意思相近的形容词，故排除 awake 警觉的 ，而选 aware 。

　　3. 选 J )。 由空格后的 and meaning 可知，此处应填名词，与 meaning 构成并列结构。原文为 我们会意识到沟通的存在，通常是在我们遇到难题或 与文章意思不符的时候 ，故只有 expectations 所猜测的意思 符合题意。

　　4. 选 B )。 很明显此处应填动词且能与 with 搭配。可选项有 converse 和 deal ，从句意来理解，不同的人 文章不同，但由于文章主要说明的是读者与文章之间的沟通方式，故排除 deal 处理 而选 converse 谈话。

　　5. 选 D )。 因关系代词 which 指代的是 comprehension ，可知此处应填动词的被动形式。但由 The former 和 the words on he page 可推出前一种人是从文中的字词去理解文章，而字词只能是被写在文中，因此只有 written 符合题意。

　　6. 选 I )。 此处应填形容词。由 The former 和 The latter 可知，此处是将两种人的对话方式进行比较，故可选项有 higher 和 better ，但由前面提到的后一种人对文章所做的 interpreting ， criticizing ， analyzing and examining 可知，这些都属于对文章更高层次的理解，因此选 higher 。

　　7. 选 C )。 显然此处应填副词。可选项有 equally 和 absolutely ，但由 another 可推出，文章是在分别说明两种对话方式，而没有突出哪个更重要，故排除 absolutely 而选 equally 。

　　8. 选 A ) 。此处是将 process conversation 与 content conversation 形成对比，故可选项有 opposed 和 compared ，但 as opposed to 是固定搭配，因此排除 compared 。

　　9. 选 F )。 从句子结构来看，此处缺的是 employ 的宾语，再从选项中看，能与 employ 形成动宾搭配且符合题意的只有 strategies ，故选 strategies 。

　　10. 选 E )。 此处应填动词的被动形式。选项中有 developed 提高，加强 和 compared 比较 能与 ability 构成动宾搭配，但从句意理解，通常高级读者与文章进行 程序对话 的能力 ，故只有 developed 符合题意。

　　导读：

　　Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were ( 意为 可以说，姑且这么说 ，有打比方的性质 ) , to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts O)furtherquestions, and so on.

　　For most of the time this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness. At times ( 意为 有时 与 most of the time 形成对比，因此很容易推出第 2 题应填的词 ) , however, we become M)aware of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between J)expectations and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level.

　　Different people B)conversewith the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page ( 意为 与单词保持很近距离 ，即不注意单词本身的意思 ) , others take off ( 意为 离开 ，在这指匆匆略过单词，即不注重单词本身的意思 ) imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is D)written in the text. The latter represents I)higher levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers.

　　There is another conversation which from our point of view isC)equally important, and that is ( There is another and that is 。 其中由 that 可知本文一共谈到了两种对话方式，第一种即是第一段中提到的对文章反复提问的方式，第二种就是此处提到的关于怎样读的方式。句中 which 和 that 指代的都是 conversation ) to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a process conversation as A)opposed to a content conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the F)strategies we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability ( If we are our ability 。 其中 If 引导的是条件壮语从句， to hold a process conversation with a text 作后置定语修饰句子的主语 our ability 。 ) to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well E)developed. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation.

　　全文翻译:

　　阅读可以看出是读者和文章之间的一种沟通。可以说，读者对文章提出问题并得到解答，由此再提出新的问题，如此反复。

　　大多数时候，这种沟通是在无意识中进行的，然而，有时候我们也会意识到沟通的存在，通常是在我们提到难题或猜测与文章意思不符时。如果我们做出的猜测正确，对文章的提问会继续在无意识中进行。

　　不同读者与文章对话的方式也不同。有些人侧重读懂字词意义，而有些人匆匆越过字词，发挥想象力，对文章做出自己的阐释，评判一番，做出分析，深入研究。前者代表了拘泥字面的理解方式，后者代表了更深层次的理解。掌握这两者之间的平衡很重要，对高级读者而言更是如此。

　　还有另一种对话，我们认为同样重要，这种对话不是有关读什么，而是有关怎样读的问题。与 内容对话 相对我们称其为 程序对话 ，程序对话关心的不是文字意义，而是阅读方法。通常高级读者与文章进行 程序对话 的能力很强，而与文章进行 内容对话 的能力却一般。