Oscar and Jack are identical twins, separated when they were babies by their parents divorce. Jack was brought up by their Jewish father in Trinidad, Oscar went to live with their mothers family in Czechoslovakia. In fact Oscar did not know he was Jewish until Jack found him in Germany in 1954. Jack is proud to be a Jew, but Oscar still does not like to talk about his Jewish heritage. Yet the twins are similar in many ways. They both like spicy food and sweet drinks. In school they both did well in sports but poorly in mathematics.
Are thoughts and behavior determined by heredity or by environment? Social scientists have long been interested in this question; the results of twin studies are particularly interesting to them. Twin studies of the similarities and differences between twins. There are two types of twins: identical twins, who look exactly the same because they have identical genetic characteristics, and fraternal twins, who have different genetic characteristics. In a 1937 study, Newman, Freeman, and Halzinger found that identical twins are more similar in height and weight than fraternal twins. Because identical twins have the same genetic characteristics, the conclusion was that size is determined more by heredity than by environment. In 1962, James Shields compared the height, weight, and intelligence of identical twins who were brought up together with those of identical twins brought up apart . He found that although the differences were small, identical twins who were brought up together were more similar than those brought up apart. Shields concluded that height, weight, and intelligence are largely determined by heredity. However, because of the differences between identical twins brought up together and those brought up apart, these characteristics may be partly determined by environment.
In the case of Oscar and Jack, heredity seems to determine physical and mental abilities, tastes, and behavior. Environment seems to determine thought.
21. After their parents divorce, Oscar and Jack ______.
A. went to live with their mothers family
B. were brought up by their father
C. never saw each other again
D. were separated until 1954
22. Although Oscar and Jack are similar in many ways, they seem to be different in
A. physical ability B. behavior
C. mental ability D. thought
23. Identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins because A. they have the same mother
B. they have the same genetic characteristics
C. they were brought up together
D. they were born at the same time
24. The conclusion of Newman, Freeman and Halzingers 1937 twin study was that
A. size is determined by height, weight, and environment
B. identical twins are taller and heavier than fraternal twins
C. size is determined more by heredity than by environment
D. identical twins are more similar than fraternal twins
25. Shield drew a slightly different conclusion from his study because_______.
A. he also compared the intelligence of the twins in his study
B. he compared twins brought up together with those brought up apart
C. only identical twins were included in his study
D. all of the environment factors were carefully controlled
答案:21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B
体坛英语资讯:21-year NBA veteran Vince Carter plans to return for 22nd season
2019年6月英语四级作文预测:电脑
懒得撸铁?神奇T恤让你秒变肌肉男
国内英语资讯:Chinese vice premier urges China-U.S. cooperation, vows no compromise on major principles
智商可预测,未来试管婴儿将可选择“最聪明的”胚胎
体坛英语资讯:Su Bingtian and Xie Zhenye team up to run mens 4x100m relay in IAAF World Relays Yokohama
体坛英语资讯:Table tennis test event held at 7th Military World Games venue
体坛英语资讯:Elizabeth Cambage signs for Shanxi womens basketball club
国内英语资讯:Ukraines president-elect, Chinese ambassador meet on cooperation
国内英语资讯:China strengthens disaster prevention, relief education
Do All the Asian People Look the Same 所有亚洲人看起来都一样吗
体坛英语资讯:Atletico Madrid beat Guangzhou Evergrande 2-0 in U15 tournament
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: At least 17 dead, over 40 hospitalized in Indias spurious liquor tragedy
国内英语资讯:Chinas top legislator to visit Norway, Austria, Hungary
国际英语资讯:Pakistan reaches agreement with IMF for 6 bln USD package over 3 years
国内英语资讯:Chinas top legislator meets Nigerien president
2019年6月大学英语四级作文范文:出国留学的挑战
国内英语资讯:Chinas top political advisor meets Hong Kong delegation
国内英语资讯:Implementation plan for national ecological civilization pilot zone unveiled
体坛英语资讯:Chinese forward Wu Lei commits his future to Espanyol
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: Turkey urges U.S. to accept approval on technical examination to avoid S-400 cris
国际英语资讯:Feature: Childhood changes dramatically between Syrian father, son
国际英语资讯:UN monitoring team verifies Yemens Houthi withdrawal from Hodeidah ports
国际英语资讯:Indian Prime Minister-elect Modi meets with ailing finance minister
体坛英语资讯:Report: Kovac to leave Bayern
国际英语资讯:Lithuanian PM Skvernelis admits defeat, Nauseda, Simonyte head to presidential runoff
体坛英语资讯:Manchester City to face UEFA-led investigation over potential FFP breach
体坛英语资讯:Herrmann pens contract extension at Monchengladbach
国内英语资讯:Cooperation between Huawei, Taiwan enterprises conducive to cross-Strait common development
国内英语资讯:Various activities feature 1000-day countdown to Beijing 2022