46. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments.
分析 主干:I have given them this: the visual...
谓语动词 give 带双宾语,them 和 this。 冒号后的 the visual 是 this 的同位语,对 this 予以详细说明。 visual 由介词短语 of...修饰,of 的宾语是动名词短语 doing...曰该动名 词短语的逻辑主语是 their physics professor。
译文 相反,我给她们的是这么一幅画面:她们的物理学教授挺着大肚子做物理试验。
47. According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell, listing brands on the menu without prices, and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want it.
分析 主干:some include placing..., listing..., and pouring...
本句理解的难点在于辨别三个并列的动名词短语, 它们都是 include 的宾语。shameless tactics 指厚颜无耻的促销手段,visual sell 是视觉销售。 句末 if 引导的从 句是 ask 的宾语:甚至都不问就餐者是否需要就给他们倒上瓶装水。
译文 叶华尔街日报上的一篇文章说,一些更无耻的销售策略包括把诱人的瓶子放在桌 子上作为视觉卖点,把品牌名写在菜单上而不标明价格,或者连问都不问一声消费者就直接把瓶装水倒给顾客。
48. A 12 year old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parents clothes without permission is not.
分析 主干:A 12 year old might need to be shown that... but that...
本句是 show sb. that...结构的被动语态,that 从句依然充当宾语。 宾语是 but 并列 连接的两个 that 引导的从句,两个从句都用动名词短语(raiding..., borrowing...)作主语。作者把孩子心急地打开饼干盒的动作称为 raiding(袭击),富有幽默感。
译文 一个 12 岁的孩子可能需要人告诉他, 不用得到许可就把饼干盒扫光是可以接受 的,但是,没有得到许可就借走父母的衣服是不能接受的。
49. In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way.
分析 主干:players have been observed to...
不定式 to throw...在句中作主语 players 的补语曰这是 observe sb. do sth.结构的被 动语态,作宾语补足语的省 to 的不定式在被动语态中成了主语补足语,要把 to 还原。动名词 considering...作介词 without 的宾语,介词短语 without considering...作 throw 的状语。
译文 在比赛的白热化阶段,人们注意到球员从球场的这头狂奔到球场那头,根本就没 有考虑到他这样的动作会对阻挡他的其他球员产生什么样的后果。
50. Because few mainstream publications have done in depth features on regular African American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis.
分析 主干:little is known
Because 引导原因状语从句。主句中的介词 about 带有三个并列的宾语从句,宾语从句用了同级比较结构,分别由 who, what 和 what 引导。句中的 features 在媒体中指专题介绍、特写报道。
译文 第一个在各种不同的通讯媒介中对比诚实度的研究发现,人们在电话谈话中说谎 的可能性是他们在电子邮件中说谎的可能性的两倍。
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