查看汇总:
A hundred years ago it was assumed and scientifically proved by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth Western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of subsistence in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to subsist , in other words, he can claim this subsistence minimum without having to have any reason. I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, lets say two years, so as to avoid the encouraging of an abnormal attitude which refused any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, our insurance system would have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum, and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum are not groundless, from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees, its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in inter-personal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
26.People used to think that poverty and unemployment were due to ________.
A) the slow development of the economy
B) the poor and jobless peoples own faults
C) the lack of responsibility on the part of society
D) the large number of people who were not well-educated
27.Now it is widely accepted that ________.
A) the present system of social insurance should be improved
B) everybody should be granted a minimum of subsistence without any reason
C) everybody has the right to share in the wealth of the country
D) people have to change their attitude towards the poor
28.The writer argues that a system of social insurance should ________.
A) provide benefits for the sick, old and unemployed
B) encourage people to take on more social obligations
C) guarantee everyone the right to be employed
D) provide everyone with the right to a minimum subsistence for a certain period
29.The word fallacy means ________.
A) doubt
B) fact
C) strong argument
D) wrong belief
30.According to the writer, a system of guaranteed subsistence minimum ________.
A) demands too much from society
B) makes freedom of contract impossible
C) helps people take interest in their work
D) helps bring about changes in the relationship among people
参考答案:cbbdd
下一篇: 2014年6月英语六级长篇阅读文章的来源
国内英语资讯:FACTBOX: Key takeaways on Belt and Road Initiative development
整容客户低龄化 元凶竟是自拍?
青少年睡眠不足的危害
体坛英语资讯:China confirmed as host of AFC Asian Cup 2023
加拿大计划2021年禁止一次性塑料用品
国际英语资讯:British lawmakers reject all four Brexit options in second round of unbinding vote
国际英语资讯:Venezuelas Supreme Court seeks to strip Guaido of parliamentary immunity
国际英语资讯:Rwanda looks to first China-Africa trade expo to advance local products
除了“熬夜党”和“早起鸟”,其实还有一种人是“午睡派”
国内英语资讯:China vows unwavering determination to maintain Iranian nuclear deal: FM
在俄罗斯谈恋爱真累,网聊需要被监控
体坛英语资讯:Bayern confirm signing France defender Hernandez
研究显示 25岁和55岁最具创新力
国内英语资讯:Chinese envoy calls for boosting Afghanistans counterterrorism capacity
裸体动物有伤风化协会建议给宠物穿衣
体坛英语资讯:Buffon to leave PSG without contract extension
国内英语资讯:China to improve peoples livelihood with intensified efforts
国内英语资讯:China Focus: Rescue operation continues as death toll rises to 13 in China earthquake
国际英语资讯:Feature: DPRK tourism thriving among Chinese thanks to historical links
穿紧身裤也有罪?美国母亲遭网友反击
1个月不吃甜食会怎样?竟然性情大变
国内英语资讯:FM Wang Yi holds talks with Dutch counterpart
My Secret 我的秘密
国际英语资讯:Year of tourism for China, Pacific island countries launched to promote cultural, personnel
国际英语资讯:BiH authorities urged to address increasing number of migrants
报告指出 短视频推动互联网增长
国际英语资讯:Interview: China-Africa expo to boost economic and trade ties
国内英语资讯:Chinese embassy in Manila memorizes fallen Philippine Chinese in WWII
哪些瓜果的皮能吃,但没人知道?
国内英语资讯:Top political advisor calls for efforts to promote China-Africa cooperation