英语六级快速阅读试题预测

　　Passage 1

　　The Power of Personal Attitudes

　　Each of us is made up of various physical, vital, and mental parts. There is our physical body and its organs, muscles, etc; the vital being with its sensations, emotions and feelings, and the mental part with its thoughts, memories, reasoning power, beliefs, etc. Somewhere between our emotions and our thought processing lie our attitudes -- our emotional perceptions about life, about others, even towards our own selves. Attitudes generally express positively and negatively. E.g. when I have good feelings towards my work or towards others, the attitude is positive. When I feel reluctant to do certain things that are necessary, or show hostility towards certain individuals, then my attitude is negative.

　　Attitudes About Ourselves, Others, Life

　　Though we have many attitudes about all aspects of life, if we look a little closer we can identify three basic typesthose that have to do with ourselves, those we have about others and the objects around us, and those we have towards life itself. An example of a negative attitude about ourselves is having low self-esteem, or low self-confidence. An example of a wanting attitudes about others is a feeling ill will towards another person, or being mistrustful of others. An example of a negative attitude towards life is being pessimistic that things will never turn out well. The good news however is that if we change any negative attitude to the positive, life tends to quickly respond. Consider this true story, where a person changed her attitude about certain people:

　　A woman was working as a temporary employee for a large medical organization. For months, she complained about certain coworkers at her job. At the time, she had decided to develop a 30-day plan to secure a full-time position. One part of her plan was to change her attitude toward these particular individuals. In the days that followed, she persisted in following her plan, especially focusing on her wanting attitude toward others. She was shocked however when a month into her plan, she was suddenly asked to work for the organization full time -- her first non-temporary job in nearly a decade!

　　That is the power of changing a negative attitude toward others.

　　Negative Expressions Attracts Negative Response

　　So far we have indicated that changing a negative attitude can attract sudden instances of good fortune. Inversely, if we take to a negative attitude, we can attract instances of bad fortune. For example, if we speak negatively about another person, it is likely that problematic circumstances will arise.

　　A man A met a fellow instructor B before a class he was to perform that day. One of the things they discussed were problems they had experienced in earlier classes. In particular, A kept talking about how the students at a certain client were particularly difficult to work with. He persisted in expressing his feelings. Though that instructor rarely had problems with his students, later on that day, as well as in the next two classes, he had a series of difficulties with his students!

　　As we see, when we express negative sentiment in lifewhether it is ill will towards certain individuals or complaining about situationswe tend to elicit ill fortune. The best approach then is to avoid all negative expressions or complaining about others. In our moment-to-moment activities, we need to be mindful of our thoughts and feelings, and catch any negative expressionwhether it us a flawed attitudes, a limited opinions, or a hasty, reflexive reaction. This is indeed serious business, because such expressions can literally destroy a work.

　　The Power of an Overall Positive Attitude

　　In addition to having the right attitudes towards others and life around us, it is always best to have an overall positive attitude. Heres another real-life incident to show you what I mean:

　　A management consultant was hoping to have a key meeting with the principle officers of a company with over $100 billion in assets. For days, he fretted about the deal as the potential client failed to contact him. He developed greater and greater doubts that the meeting would ever take place. Finally, he remembered that it was important to have a positive attitude in these situations. He decided to change his attitude about the potential meeting from worry and concern to being positive. A very short time later, he was contacted by the client that the meeting could in fact take place. He was thrilled. In addition, years of high-level consulting work followed with the client!

　　That is the power of having a generally positive attitude.

　　I have a meeting with G, an important audio salesperson. We work through a system to get him committed and productive. We discuss the fact that he must commit. During the meeting, I am conscious of my attitude that is negative about our chances of success. I struggle to reverse them. We are then interrupted as the store is then filled with customers, and a good one for that salesperson to boot!

　　An overall positive attitude has the power to attract sudden good fortune from the world around us. We have also seen that when difficult circumstances come in your way, and you do not get overwrought by them, maintaining a positive calm attitude, life can suddenly reverse and cancel the problem or otherwise bring sudden instances of good fortune.

　　1. The main purpose of this article is to introduce the main parts of our physical body.

　　2. Our attitudes are our emotional perceptions about life and about others.

　　3. Ones low self-esteem shows a negative attitude about himself.

　　4. Even if we change any negative attitude to the positive, life will not change at all.

　　5. The story of the woman who finds a job by changing her attitude towards others shows us the power of changing a positive attitude toward others.

　　6. If we speak positively about another person, good things will happen.

　　7. The story about the man A and the man B shows us if we speak negatively about another person, it is likely that problematic circumstances will arise.

　　8. When we express negative sentiment in life, the best approach is to avoid _________ about others.

　　9. Besides having the right attitudes towards others and life around us, we should _________.

　　10. When difficult circumstances come in your way, __________ can help you to reverse life and cancel the problem.

　　答案解析

　　1. N。根据题干中的信息词main purpose及our physical body定位到全文的第一段，结合文章标题可知本文的主旨是讲述个人态度的力量，而不是我们身体的生理构成。

　　2. Y。根据题干中的信息词emotional perceptions定位到第一段的第三句话，可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　3. Y。根据题干中的信息词low self-esteem 定位到第一个小标题下的第二句话，可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　4. N。根据题干中的信息词change any negative attitude to the positive定位到第一个小标题下第一段的倒数第二句话，可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　5. N。根据题干中的信息词story of the woman who finds a fob by changing her attitude定位到第一个小标题下的第二段和第三段第一句话，可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　6. NG。根据题干中的信息词speak positively about another person定位到第二个小标题下第一段的最后一句话，可知原文仅提到如果我们说别人坏话，可能会有问题产生，而并没有提到说别人好话是否会有好事发生。

　　7. Y。根据题干中的信息词speak negatively about another person定位到第二个小标题下第一段的最后一句话，结合第二段，可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　8. all negative expressions or complaining。根据题干中的信息词express negative sentiment in life定位到第二个小标题下的第三段前两句话可得答案。

　　9. have a overall positive attitude。根据题干中的信息词right attitudes towards others and life around us定位到第三个小标题下的第一句话可得答案。

　　10. a positive calm attitude。根据题干中的信息词difficult circumstances come in your way定位到文章的最后一句话可得答案。

　　Passage 2

　　How to Make Attractive and Effective PowerPoint Presentations

　　Microsoft PowerPoint has dramatically changed the way in which academic and business presentations are made. This article outlines few tips on making more effective and attractive PowerPoint presentations.

　　The Text

　　Keep the wording clear and simple. Use active, visual language. Cut unnecessary wordsa good rule of thumb is to cut paragraphs down to sentences, sentences into phrases, and phrases into key words.

　　Limit the number of words and lines per slide. Try the Rule of Five-five words per line, five lines per slide. If too much text appears on one slide, use the AutoFit feature to split it between two slides. Click within the placeholder to display the AutoFit Options button , then click on the button and choose Split Text between Two Slides from the submenu.

　　Font size for titles should be at least 36 to 40, while the text body should not be smaller than 24.

　　Use only two font styles per slideone for the title and the other for the text. Choose two fonts that visually contrast with each other. Garamond Medium Condensed and Impact are good for titles, while Garamond or Tempus Sans can be used for the text body.

　　Embed the fonts in your presentation, if you are not sure whether the fonts used in the presentation are present in the computer that will be used for the presentation. To embed the fonts: On the File menu, click Save As. On the toolbar, click Tools, click Save Options, select the Embed TrueType Fonts check box, and then select Embed characters in use only.

　　Use colors sparingly; two to three at most. You may use one color for all the titles and another for the text body. Be consistent from slide to slide. Choose a font color that contrasts well with the background.

　　Capitalizing the first letter of each word is good for the title of slides and suggests a more formal situation than having just the first letter of the first word capitalized. In bullet point lines, capitalize the first word and no other words unless they normally appear capped. Upper and lower case lettering is more readable than all capital letters. Moreover, current styles indicate that using all capital letters means you are shouting. If you have text that is in the wrong case, select the text, and then click Shift+F3 until it changes to the case style that you like. Clicking Shift+F3 toggles the text case between ALL CAPS, lower case, and Initial Capital styles.

　　Use bold or italic typeface for emphasis. Avoid underlining, it clutters up the presentation.

　　Dont center bulleted lists or text. It is confusing to read. Left align unless you have a good reason not to.

　　Run spell check on your show when finished.

　　The Background

　　Keep the background consistent. Simple, light textured backgrounds work well. Complicated textures make the content hard to read.

　　If you are planning to use many clips in your slides, select a white background. If the venue of your presentation is not adequately light-proof, select a dark-colored background and use any light color for text.

　　Minimize the use of bells and whistles such as sound effects, flying words and multiple transitions.

　　Dont use red in any fonts or backgrounds. It is an emotionally overwhelming color that is difficult to see and read.

　　The Clips

　　Animations are best used subtly; too much flash and motion can distract and annoy viewers.

　　Do not rely too heavily on those images that were originally loaded on your computer with the rest of Office. You can easily find appropriate clips on any topic through Google Images. While searching for images, do not use long search phrases as is usually done while searching the web-use specific words.

　　When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes and are in a .jpg format. Larger files can slow down your show.

　　Keep graphs, charts and diagrams simple, if possible.

　　Use bar graphs and pie charts instead of tables of data. The audience can then immediately pick up the relationships.

　　The Presentation

　　If you want your presentation to directly open in the slide show view, save it as a slide show file using the following steps.

　　Open the presentation you want to save as a slide show.

　　On the File menu, click Save As. In the Save as type list, click PowerPoint Show. Your slide show file will be saved with a ppt file extension. When you double-click on this file, it will automatically start your presentation in slide show view. When youre done, PowerPoint automatically closes and you return to the desktop. If you want to edit the slide show file, you can always open it from PowerPoint by clicking Open on the File menu.

　　Look at the audience, not at the slides, whenever possible.

　　If using a laser pointer, dont move it too fast. For example, if circling a number on the slide, do it slowly. Never point the laser at the audience.

　　Black out the screen after the point has been made, to put the focus on you. Press the key again to continue your presentation.

　　You can use the shortcut command P to access the Pen tool during a slide show. Click with your mouse and drag to use the Pen tool to draw during your slide show. To erase everything youve drawn, press the E key. To turn off the Pen tool, press once.

　　Miscellaneous

　　Master Slide Set-Up:

　　The master slide will allow you to make changes that are reflected on every slide in your presentation. You can change fonts, colors, backgrounds, headers, and footers at the master slide level.

　　First, go to the View menu.

　　Pull down the Master menu.

　　Select the slide master menu. You may now make changes at this level that meet your presentation needs.

　　1. The ways in which academic and business presentations are made have been changed by Microsoft PowerPoint.

　　2. When making the PowerPoint, the wording of the text should be complicated.

　　3. In each slide, the font styles for the title and the text should contrast with each other.

　　4. A more formal situation is capitalizing the first letter of each word.

　　5. Centering bulleted lists or text can help to read.

　　6. Sound effects should be used as less frequently as possible.

　　7. When importing flashes, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes.

　　8. When making the presentation, you should look at the audience_________.

　　9. Pressing the E key can help you to __________.

　　10. In order to ________, you can make changes at the slide master level.

　　答案解析

　　1. Y。题干讲到了微软的PowerPoint对学术及商业陈述形式的改变，定位到文章的首段可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　2. N。根据题干中的信息词wording of the text定位到第一个小标题下的第一段，可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　3. Y。根据题干中的信息词the font styles for the title and the text定位到第一个小标题下的第四段第一句话，可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　4. N。根据题干中的信息词more formal situation和capitalizing定位到第一个小标题下的第七段第一句话，可知更加正式的方式是仅大写第一个单词的首字母，故题干表述错误。

　　5. N。根据题干中的信息词Centering bulleted lists or text定位到第一个小标题下的第九段，可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　6. Y。根据题干中的信息词Sound effects定位到第二个小标题下的第三段，可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　7. NG。根据题干中的信息词importing和two megabytes定位到第三个小标题下的第三段，可知原文提到的是插入的图片要少于两兆字节，而并未提及插入的flash大小。

　　8. as possible as you can。根据题干中的信息词look at the audience定位到第四个小标题下的第四段可得答案。

　　9. erase everything youve drawn。根据题干中的信息词Pressing the E key定位到第四个小标题下的第七段第三句话可得答案。

　　10. meet your presentation needs。根据题干中的信息词make changes at the slide master level定位到文章的最后一段可得答案。

　　Passage 3

　　Natural Disasters

　　Earthquakes

　　When the Earth Moves

　　Earthquakes are caused by the motion of tectonic platesindividual sections that make up the Earths surface like panels on a football. Immense strain accumulates along fault lines where adjacent plates meet. When the rock separating the plates gives way, sudden seismic ground-shaking movement occurs.

　　Of course, if we want to know why earthquakes happen, we need to dig a little deeper.

　　Centre of the Earth

　　The Earth is made up of three main layers:

　　The core is at the centre of the Earth.

　　The mantle is a mobile semi-molten layer around the core.

　　The outer-shell of the Earth is called the crust. Scientists call this the lithosphereits the part were on now.

　　The crust is made up of 12 individual tectonic plates. Below the sea, they can measure three to six miles thick and under land this increases to 20-44 miles . Below the crust, radiation from the Earths core heats the semi-molten mantle to temperatures of over 5000C.

　　All fluids when heatedeven molten rockare affected by a process called convection. That makes hot liquid rise to displace cooler liquid, creating a current. Tectonic plates effectively float on the mantle, like croutons in a bowl of super-heated soup. But these plates and constantly move due to the convection current.

　　Of course, they creep along very slowlyroughly the same speed your fingernails grow. Even at this sub snail-pace, the effects can be devastating. The combined annual force of earthquakes is equal to 100,000 times the power of the atomic bombs that flattened Hiroshima.

　　The point where the seismic activity occurs is the epicentre, where the earthquake is strongest. But it doesnt always end there; seismic waves travel out from the epicentre, sometimes creating widespread destruction as they pass.

　　Volcanoes

　　Without doubt, erupting volcanoes are the most awesome and terrifying sights in nature. In fact, their untamed destructive firepower has shaped and influenced many ancient cultures from Pompeii, to Japan.

　　Its estimated that one in ten of the Worlds population live within danger range of volcanoes. According to the Smithsonian Institute, there are 1511 active volcanoes across the globe, and many more dormant ones that could recharge at any moment.

　　When tectonic plates collide，like earthquakes, volcanoes form at weak-points in the Earths crust, known as fault-lines.

　　When two tectonic plates collide, the event can provide the catalyst for volcanic activity. As one section slides on top of the other, the one beneath is pushed down into the mantle. Water trapped in the crust can cause reactions within the mantle. Why? Well, its thought that when the water mixes with the mantle, it lowers the mantles melting point, and the solid mantle melts to form a liquid, known as magma.

　　Under Increasing Pressure

　　Since liquid rock is less dense than solid rock, magma begins to rise through the Earths crust. It forces its way up, melting surrounding rock and increasing the amount of magma.

　　Magma only stops rising when the pressure from the rock layer above it becomes too great. It gathers below the Earths surface in a magma chamber.

　　When the pressure increases in the chamber, the crust finally gives way and magma spews out onto the Earths surface forming a volcano. When it reaches the surface, magma becomes known as lava.

　　Volcanic eruptions vary in intensity and appearance depending on two factors:

　　the amount of gas contained in the magma

　　its viscosityhow runny it is

　　In general, the explosive eruptions come from high gas levels and high viscosity in the magma. Whilst lava floes result from magmas with low gas levels and low viscosity.

　　Mount Etna

　　Over millions of years, lava and ash from eruptions might build up to form a mountainous volcano like Mt Etna in Italy.

　　Hurricanes

　　By definition, a hurricane is fierce rotating storm with an intense centre of low pressure that only happens in the tropics. In south-east Asia theyre known as typhoons and in the Indian Ocean, cyclones.

　　They cause high winds, huge waves, and heavy flooding. In 1998, Hurricane Gilbert produced 160mph winds, killing 318 people, and devastating Jamaica. A tropical storm can only be classified as a hurricane if it sustains wind speeds above 73mph or force 12 on the Beaufort Scale. Each year about 50 tropical storms reach hurricane status.

　　One of the most powerful of all weather systems, hurricanes are powered by the heat energy released by the condensation of water vapour. However, the conditions have to be exact for a hurricane to form, with the seas surface temperature being above 26.5C.

　　How Hurricanes Happen

　　Air above warm tropical water rises quickly as it is heated by the sea. As the air rises it rotates or spins creating an area of low pressure, known as the eye of the storm. The eye can be clearly seen on satellite pictures, and is usually eerily calm.

　　The hurricane only moves slowly at speeds of 20-25mph bringing torrential rain and thunderstorms and very strong winds. However, they also cause flooding on low lying coastlines with a phenomenon known as a storm surge.

　　Storm Surge

　　This is caused by the intense low pressure at the eye of a hurricane, combining with the effect of strong winds. The sea rises 1cm for every millibar of pressure - if the pressure is 930 millibar, the sea surge will be about 80 cm. Hurricanes can raise the seas surface by as much as 4m.

　　The hurricane winds push the surge along in front of its path. When this surge hits low-lying coasts, the effects can be devastating. In addition to the sea surge, flooding can also result from torrential rain falling from the storm clouds.

　　Once it reaches the mainland, a hurricane may cause widespread damage for a few days, but with no warm water to supply heat, they quickly die out.

　　1. Earthquakes are caused by the motion of tectonic plates that make up the Earths surface.

　　2. The Earth is made up of four main layers: the core, the mantle, the crust and the magma.

　　3. It is the convection that make hot liquid rise to displace cooler liquid, creating a current.

　　4. The earthquake at the epicenter is weakest.

　　5. Both of volcanoes and earthquakes form at weak-points in the Earths crust when tectonic plates collide,.

　　6. Magma will fall through the Earths crust if the liquid rock is less dense than solid rock.

　　7. Mt Etna in Italy produced 160mph winds and killed 296 people in 2000.

　　8. A hurricane is defined as a fierce rotating storm with an intense centre of low pressure that_______.

　　9. Torrential rain, __________ are always brought by the hurricane.

　　10. If there is no warm water to supply heat, the hurricane will______.

　　答案解析

　　1. Y。根据题干中的信息词motion of tectonic plates定位到第一个小标题下的第一句话可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　2. N。根据题干中的信息词made up和layers定位到第二个小标题下的第一段可知题干表述错误。地球从内到外由三层组成：地核、地幔、地壳。

　　3. Y。根据题干中的信息词convection定位到第二个小标题下的第三段前两句话可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　4. N。根据题干中的信息词epicenter定位到第二个小标题下第五段的第一句话，可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　5. Y。根据题干中的信息词volcanoes和tectonic plates collide定位到第三个小标题下的第三段可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　6. N。根据题干中的信息词Magma和Earths crust if the liquid rock定位到第四个小标题下的第一句话可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　7. NG。根据题干中的信息词Mt Etna和160mph winds定位到第五个小标题和第六个小标题的第二段第二句话，可知原文并没有提到意大利埃特那火山的具体影响。

　　8. only happens in the tropics。 根据题干中的信息词fierce rotating storm及intense centre of low pressure定位到第六个小标题下的第一句话可得答案。

　　9. thunderstorms and strong winds。根据题干中的信息词brought by the hurricane定位到倒数第二个小标题下的最后一段可得答案。

　　10. quickly die out。根据题干中的信息词no warm water定位到原文的最后一句话可得知道答案。

　　Passage 4

　　Definitions of Obesity

　　How does one define when a person is considered to be obese and not just somewhat overweight? Height-weight tables give an approximate guideline as to whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage.

　　The World Health Organization recommends using a formula that takes into account a persons height and weight. The Body Mass Index is calculated by dividing the persons weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters, and is thus given in units of kg/m2. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered to be the healthiest. A BMI of between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is considered to be obese.

　　However, it is recognized that this definition is limited as it does not take into account such variables as age, gender and ethnic origin, the latter being important as different ethnic groups have very different fat distributions. Another shortcoming is that it is not applicable to certain very muscular people such as athletes and bodybuilders, who can also have artificially high BMIs. Agencies such as the National Cholesterol Education Program in the USA and the International Diabetes Foundation are starting to define obesity in adults simply in terms of waist circumference.

　　Health Effects of Obesity

　　Over 2000 years ago, the Greek physician Hippocrates wrote that persons who are naturally very fat are apt to die earlier than those who are slender. This observation remains very true today. Obesity has a major impact on a persons physical, social and emotional well-being. It increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 and also makes Type 2 diabetes more difficult to control. Thus weight loss improves the levels of blood glucose and blood fats, and reduces blood pressure. The association between obesity and coronary heart disease is also well-known.

　　Cancer

　　Furthermore, in 2001 medical researchers established a link between being overweight and certain forms of cancer, and estimated that nearly 10,000 Britons per year develop cancer as a result of being overweight. This figure was made up of 5,893 women and 3,220 men, with the strongest associations being with breast and colon cancers. However, it is thought that being overweight may also increase the risk of cancer in the reproductive organs for women and in the prostate gland for men.

　　The link between breast cancer and nutritional status is thought to be due to the steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced by the ovaries, and govern a womans menstrual cycle. Researchers have found that the more a woman eats, or the more sedentary her lifestyle, the higher are the concentrations of progesterone. This link could explain why women from less affluent countries have lower rates of breast cancer. Women from less affluent nations tend to eat less food and to lead lifestyles which involve more daily movement. This lowers their progesterone level, resulting in lower predisposition to breast cancer.

　　The Times newspaper, in 2002 reported that obesity was the main avoidable cause of cancer among non-smokers in the Western world!

　　Aging

　　Research published by St Thomas Hospital, London, UK in 2005 showed a correlation between body fat and aging, to the extent that being obese added 8.8 years to a womans biological age. The effect was exacerbated by smoking, and a non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to their biological age. The combination of being obese and a smoker added at least ten years to a womans biological age, and although the study only involved women, the lead researcher Professor Tim Spector believes the finding would also apply to men.

　　The aging effect was determined by measuring the length of telomeres, tiny caps on the ends of chromosomes, which help protect the DNA from the ageing process. Indeed, telomeres have been dubbed the chromosomal clock because, as an organism ages, they become progressively shorter, and can be used to determine the age of the organism. Beyond a certain point, the telomere becomes so short that it is no longer able to prevent the DNA of the chromosome from falling apart. It is believed that excess body fat, and the chemicals present in tobacco smoke release free radicals which trigger inflammation. Inflammation causes the production of white blood cells which increases the rate of erosion of telomeres.

　　Dementia

　　Recent research conducted in the USA shows that obesity in middle age is linked to an increased risk of dementia, with obese people in their 40s being 74% more likely to develop dementia compared to those of normal weight. For those who are merely overweight, the lifetime risk of dementia risk was 35% higher.

　　Scientists from the Aging Research Centre at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden have been able to take information such as age, number of years in education, gender, body mass index, blood pressure level, physical activity and genetic factors, assigning each a risk score. They then used this information to devise a predictive test for dementia. This test will enable people at risk, for the first time, to be able to affect lifestyle changes which will reduce their risk of

　　contracting dementia.

　　Other Problems

　　The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, is of major economic concern, liable to drain economies. Of further concern is that research conducted in Australia and published in 2006, shows that up to one third of breech pregnancies were undetected by the traditional palpation examination, the danger being greatest for those women who are overweight or obesea growing proportion of mothers. This means that such women are not getting the treatment required to turn the baby around in time for the birth, and in many cases require an emergency Caesarean section.

　　This is a true health-care crisis, far bigger than Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and ultimately, even bigger than AIDS.

　　1. You can judge whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage according to the height-weight table.

　　2. Using the Body Mass Index to define a persons weight ideal, because it takes into account many variables such as age, gender and ethnic origin.

　　3. A persons emotional well-being will not affected by obesity.

　　4. Obesity has nothing to do with cancer in the prostate gland for man.

　　5. Women from less affluent nations tend to have much less breast cancer.

　　6. An overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 10 years to her biological age.

　　7. The excess body fat, like the chemicals present in tobacco smoke, can lead to inflammation.

　　8. Obese people in middle age run ________ .

　　9. The predictive test for dementia will help people to _________ that will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.

　　10. The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, will possibly _________.

　　答案解析

　　1. Y。根据题干中的信息词height-weight table定位到本文的首段第二句话可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　2. N。根据题干中的信息词Body Mass Index和age, gender and ethnic origin定位到本文的第三段第一句话，结合第二段可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　3. N。根据题干中的信息词emotional well-being定位到第一个小标题下的第三句话可知题干表述与原文不符。

　　4. N。根据题干中的信息词prostate gland for man定位到第二个小标题下第一段的最后一句话可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　5. Y。根据题干中的信息词less affluent nations定位到第二个小标题下第二段的最后一句话可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　6. NG。根据题干中的信息词woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years和biological age定位到第三个小标题下的第二句话，可知原文提到的是有二十年烟龄的非超重妇女如果每天吸二十支烟，会使她们的生物年龄增加7.4年，而并没有提到有二十年烟龄的超重妇女如果每天吸二十支烟会对她们的生物年龄有什么影响。

　　7. Y。根据题干中的信息词The excess body fat及inflammation定位到第三个小标题下的倒数第二句话可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　8. an increased risk of dementia。根据题干中的信息词middle age定位到第四个小标题下的第一句话可得答案。

　　9. affect lifestyle changes。根据题干中的信息词predictive test for dementia和reduce their risk of contracting dementia定位到第四个小标题下的最后两句话可得答案。

　　10. drain economies。根据题干中的信息词world-wide upsurge in obesity定位到最后一个小标题下的第一句话可得答案。

　　Passage 5

　　Preparing for Computer Disasters

　　Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.

　　Fires, power surges, and floods, theyre all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequencesmelted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: It wont happen to me. Well, the truth is, at some point youll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. Thats just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldnt be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and theyre even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.

　　Offsite Storage: Major Disasters

　　House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. Thats why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. Thats because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computerstucked away in a closet or even the garagebut theyre not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, its important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.

　　There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldnt add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk typesfrom CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.

　　Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.

　　Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer Crisis

　　Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids rearrange data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, its important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response thats more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, youll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, youll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.

　　The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for Disaster

　　When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, its simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, its also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, its the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.

　　Lifes disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, dont wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.

　　1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.

　　2. For some reason, computer disaster recovery is never ignored by many of us.

　　3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.

　　4. Thunderbolt is among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction.

　　5. Its not necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.

　　6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.

　　7. Only physical disaster can damage your computer.

　　8. The backup and recovery tools must be to deal with various computer crises.

　　9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or _________ when disaster strikes.

　　10. You should prepare for your computer disasters _________.

　　答案解析

　　1. Y。根据题干中的信息词recover from computer disasters定位到本文的第一段可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　2. N。根据题干中的信息词computer disaster recovery和many of us定位到本文的第二段第11句话可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　3. Y。根据题干中的信息词offsite storage plan and the right tools定位到本文的第二段倒数第二句话可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　4. NG。根据题干中的信息词most devastating causes定位到第一个小标题下第一段的第一句话可知原文只提到了家庭火灾和水灾是个人电脑危机的最具毁灭性的根源，并没有提到雷电是否能引起电脑危机。

　　5. N。根据题干中的信息词back up our system及medium定位到第一个小标题下第一段的最后一句话可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　6. Y。根据题干中的信息词find a remote place to store your backups定位到第一个小标题下第三段的第一句话可知题干表述与原文相符。

　　7. N。根据题干中的信息词physical disaster定位到第二个小标题下的前两句话可知题干表述与原文相反。

　　8. flexible enough。根据题干中的信息词backup and recovery tools及computer crises定位到第二个小标题下的最后一句话可得答案。

　　9. have a peaceful mind。根据题干中的信息词The quality of your backup tools和frustrated定位到第三个小标题下第一段的第一句话可得答案。

　　10. now and again。根据题干中的信息词prepare for your computer，总结文章最后一段大意可得答案。