淘金高阶英语六级巅峰阅读 短句问答13：大学教育

　　短句问答13：大学教育

　　Now that we have doubled the number of young people arttending college, a diploma cannot even guarantee a job. The most charirable conclusion we can reach is that college probably has very little, if any, effect on people and things at all. Today, the false premises are easv to see:

　　First,college doesnt make people intelligent, ambitious, happy or liberal. Its the other way around. Intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal people are arttracted to higher education in the first place.

　　Second,college cant claim much credit for the learning experiences that really change students while they are there. Jobs, history, and most of all. the sheer passage of time, have as big an impact as anything even indirectly related to the campus.

　　Third, colleges have changed so radically that a freshman entering in the fall or 1974 cant be sure to gain even the limited value research studies assigned to colleges in the 60s. The sheer size of undergraduate campuses of the 1970s makes college even less stimulating now than it was 10 years ago. Today even motivated students are disappointed with their college courses and professors.

　　Finally,a college diploma no longer opens as many vocational doors.Employers are beginning to realize that when they pay cxtra for someone with a diploma, they are paying only for an empty credential. The fact is that most of the work for which employers now expect college training is now or has been capably done in the past by people without higher education.

　　College, then, may be a good place for those few young people who are really drawn to academic work. who would rather read than eat, but it has become too expensive, in money, time, and intellectual effort to serve as a holding pen for large numbers of our young. We ought to make it possible for those reluctant, unhappy students to find alternative ways of growing up, and more realistic preparation for the years ahead.

　　参考译文

　　但是，既然上大学的年轻人数量已翻了一倍，大学文凭就连找份工作也没法保证了。我们所能得出的最大度的结论是，即便大学能对人和事有所影响，这影响也是微乎其微的。现在，那些假设的谬误之处显而易见：

　　首先，大学并不能使人聪明、上进、快乐或开明。情况刚好反过来，是聪明、上进、快乐和开明的人先被高等教育所吸引。

　　其次，即使学生在学校里所获的学习经验真的改变了他们，大学也不应当因此而邀功请赏。工作、履历以及最重要的时光流逝本身，同任何其他与校园没有直接联系的事情一样，也会带给人以巨大的影响。

　　再次，大学已经发生了如此彻底的变化，一个1974年秋季入学的新生不能确保有机会接触哪怕是价值有限的研究课题，而这些课题在60年代是分配给各大学的任务。70年代本科院校的规模使大学比10年前更加令人兴奋不起来。现在，即使是积极的学生也对他们的大学课程和教授感到失望。

　　最后，大学文凭不再是打开众多职业大门的敲门砖了。雇主们开始意识到他们给有文凭的人付更多的工资不过是因为雇员持有一张空洞的学历证书。事实上，雇主们现在指望大学生做的绝大多数工作交给现在或以前那些没有受过高等教育的人做，都能完成得很好。

　　因此，只有对那些少数真的为学术工作所吸引的学生而言，大学才是个好地方。这些人喜欢读书甚于喜欢吃饭。但对于数量众多的年轻人来说，大学作为一个大饲养栏，无论是在金钱上、时间上还是在智力上，其投入都太昂贵了。我们应当为那些不情愿、不快活的学生提供其他可能的成长道路，以及面向未来的其他更为现实的准备。

　　测试题

　　1.What does the author think of college nowadays?

　　2.Jobs or anything indirectly related to college can also_______________________.so college cant deserve much credit for what students achieve.

　　3.Compared with the colleges in the 1970s, those in the l960s were___________________.

　　4.Employers now begin to realize that a college diploma is no more than a______________.

　　5.For the young people who would prefer to read rather than eat,college may be_________________.

　　答案详解

　　1.

　　根据题干中college和nowadays定位到首段。

　　解析：原文首段描述了大学的一些现状，并得出结论 即便大学能对人和事有所影响，这影响也是微乎其微的 ，that从句中的内容即为答案，也可概括为Ineffective。

　　2.

　　根据anything indirectly related to和much credit定位到第3段。

　　解析：原文中先说结果(学校不应当邀功请赏)后阐述原因，空格中需填人原因部分。题干中的主语Jobs or anything... to college可在原文第3段第2句找到相同的表述，此处只需将原文have as big an impact as改写为have a big impact on students即可。

　　3.

　　根据题干中the l970s定位到第4段。

　　解析：题干中的1960s是原文中in years ago的同义替换。原文说 70年代本科院校的规模使大学比10年前更加令人兴奋不起来 ，由此可知，60年代的大学更让学生感到兴奋。故应把原文中的less stimulating改为more stimulating即为答案。

　　4.

　　根据题干中employers和college diploma定位到倒数第二段第2句。

　　解析：原文提到雇主们开始意识到给有文凭的人付更多的工资不过是因为雇员持有一张空洞的学历证书，可知在他们看来文凭只是空洞的学历证，题干中的no more than对应原文中的only for，介词for后的内容为答案。

　　5.

　　根据read rather than eat定位到最后一段首句。

　　解析：原句结构为College... may be a good place for...题干中的would prefer to对应原文中的would rather，空白处需要一个名词(词组)作表语，故a good place为答囊。