Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Theyre still kids, and although theres a lot that the experts dont yet know about them, one thing they do agree on is that what kids use and expect from their world has changed rapidly. And its all because of technology.
To the psychologists, sociologists, and generational and media experts who study them, their digital gear sets this new group apart, even from their tech-savvy (懂技术的) Millennial elders. They want to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older siblings dont quite get. These differences may appear slight, but they signal an all-encompassing sensibility that some say marks the dawning of a new generation.
The contrast between Millennials and this younger group was so evident to psychologist Larry Rosen of California State University that he has declared the birth of a new generation in a new book, Rewired: Understanding the ingeneration and the Way They Learn, out next month. Rosen says the tech-dominated life experience of those born since the early 1990s is so different from the Millennials he wrote about in his 2007 book, Me, MySpace and I: Parenting the Net Generation, that they warrant the distinction of a new generation, which he has dubbed the ingeneration.
The technology is the easiest way to see it, but its also a mind-set, and the mind-set goes with the little i, which Im talking to stand for individualized Rosen says. Everything is defined and individualized to me. My music choices are defined to me. What I watch on TV any instant is defined to me. He says the iGeneration includes todays teens and middle-school ers, but its too soon to tell about elementary-school ages and younger.
Rosen says the iGeneration believes anything is possible. If they can think of it, somebody probably has or will invent it, he says. They expect innovation.
They have high expectations that whatever they want or can use will be able to be tailored to their own needs and wishes and desires.
Rosen says portability is key. They are inseparable from their wireless devices, which allow them to text as well as talk, so they can be constantly connected-even in class, where cell phones are supposedly banned.
Many researchers are trying t6 determine whether technology somehow causes the brains of young people to be wired differently. They should be distracted and should perform more poorly than they do, Rosen says. But findings show teens survive distractions much better than we would predict by their age and their brain development.
Because these kids are more immersed and at younger ages, Rosen says, the educational system has to change significantly.
The growth curve on the use of technology with children is exponential(指数的), and we run the risk of being out of step with this generation as far as how they learn and how they think, Rosen says.
We have to give them options because they want their world individualized.
56. Compared with their Millennial elders, the iGeneration kids
A.communicate with others by high-tech methods continually
B.prefer to live a virtual life than a real one
C.are equipped with more modem digital techniques
D.know more on technology than their elders
57. Why did Larry Rosen name the new generation as iGeneration?
A.Because this generation is featured by the use of personal high-tech devices.
B.Because this generation stresses on an individualized style of life.
C.Because it is the author himself who has discovered the new generation.
D.Because its a mind-set generation instead of an age-set one.
58. Which of the following is true about the iGeneration according to Rosen?
A.This generation is crazy about inventing and creating new things.
B.Everything must be adapted to the peculiar need of the generation.
C.This generation catches up with the development of technology.
D.High-tech such as wireless devices goes with the generation.
59. Rosens findings suggest that technology
A.has an obvious effect on the function of iGenerations brain development
B.has greatly affected the iGenerations behaviors and academic performance
C.has no significantly negative effect on iGenerations mental and intellectual development
D.has caused distraction problems on iGeneration which affect their daily performance
60. According to the passage, education has to __
A.adapt its system to the need of the new generation
B.use more technologies to cater for the iGeneration
C.risk its system to certain extent for the iGeneration
D.be conducted online for iGenerations individualized need
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.
Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean are expected to gain considerable strength as the global temperature continues to rise, a new study has found.
Using modeling data focused on the conditions in which hurricanes form, a group of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University found that for every 1.8F ( 1℃ )rise of the Earths temperature, the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong or stronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
Hurricane strength is directly related to the heat of the water where the storm forms. More water vapor in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hurricanes that build strength and head toward land.
Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure for a destructive storm, holding the maximum Category 5 designation for a full 24 hours in late August 2005. It lost strength as it passed over the Florida peninsula, but gained destructive power fight before colliding with New Orleans, killing more than 200 people and causing $ 80 billion in damage.
The study points to a gradual increase of Katrina-like events. The warming experienced over the 20th century doubled the number of such debilitating(将人类摧垮的)storms. But the ongoing warming of the planet into the 21st century could increase the frequency of the worst kinds of storms by 700 percent, threatening coastlines along the Atlantic Ocean with muitiple Category 5 storms every year.
Our results support the idea that changes in regional sea surface temperatures is the primary cause of hurricane variability, said Aslak Girnstead, a researcher with the Center for Ice and Climate at the University of Copenhagen. The large impact of small sea-surface temperature increases was more than Girustead and his colleagues had anticipated. The entire study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Global temperatures have steadily increased, making the past decade the warmest on record. Earlier this year, climate researchers reported that the Earths temperatures have risen faster in the last century than at any point since the last ice age, 11,300 years ago. The primary cause, a couseusus of scientists has said, is the rising emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane.
Past hurricanes have supported the studys finding that global temperature rise is linked to more destructive storms. According to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, while the frequency of storms doesnt appear to have increased, the percentage of strong ones has risen sharply over the past few decades. The trend may be similar further back in time, but comprehensive hurricane data doesnt exist.
61. According to the team of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University, the rise of the Earths temperature is likely to cause
A.the coming of ice age
C.more Katrina-like or worse hurricanes
B.less intense hurricanes
D.more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
62. The ocean water in the region where the storm forms
A.is heating the hurricanes
B.evaporates and becomes fuel
C.heads toward land
D.turns into water vapor that makes hurricanes stronger
63. Which of the following statement is TRUE about Hurricane Katrina?
A.It did not lose its strength as it moved.
B.It claimed over 200 peoples lives.
C.It caused 80 billion dollars loss for Florida peninsula.
D.It lasted for full 24 hours.
64. What result can regional sea surface temperature changes produce?
A.Hurricane changes.
C.Global warming.
B.Increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
D.Destructive hurricanes.
65. It can be inferred from the passage that
A.there is no link between greenhouse gas emissions and destructive storms
B.reduction of greenhouse gas emissions may reduce destructive storms
C.the higher percentage of strong ones rose as more hurricanes appeared
D.past records on hurricanes included everything needed
答案解析：
56.A)。定位：根据题干中的Millennial elders和the iGeneration kids定位到原文第二段第二句：Theywant to be constantly connected and available in a way even their older siblings dont quite get.
详解：推理判断题。本题考查自我的一代 千禧年一代的区别。由定位句可知，自我的一代与他们的千禧年一代的哥哥姐姐们相比，更愿意持续不断地与他人保持联系，也希望随时能让别人找得到他们。由此可推断，他们愿意通过高科技手段与他人随时保持联系，因此A)是本题答案。B)宁愿生活在虚拟世界.而非现实世界中、C)拥有更加先进的数字技术和D)比大些的孩子们懂得更多技术方面的知识原文均未提及，故排除。
57.B)。定位：根据题干中的Larry Rosen定位到原文第四段第一、二句：technology is the easiest way to see it。but its also a mind-set，and the mind-set goes with the littles，which Im taking to stand for individuslized.Rosen says.Everything is defined and individualized t0me
详解：事实细节题。本题考查罗森将新的一代命名为自我的一代的原因。该段前两句引述拉里罗森介绍自我的一代的话，点明了这代人的特点，即高科技是这代人的典型特征，它也是种心态，这种心态随 小我而变化，即个性化也是鲜明特点，表现为每件事都为我而定制，或每件事都被赋予个性化特征。 由此可见，这代人强调个性化的生活，因此B)是本题答案。A)这代人的特点是使用个性化高科技产品、 c)这代人是作者自己发现的和D)这是以心态而定而不是以时代而定的一代人均是对原文的曲解，故排除。
58.D)。定位：根据题干中的iGeneration定位到原文第七段：Rosen says portability is key They are inseparable from their wireless devices，which allow them to text as well as talk，SO they can be constantly connected
详解：事实细节题。本题考查关于自我的一代的论述哪项是正确的。由该段可知，对这代人而言，便携是关键。他们离不开无线装备，那些东西可使他们发短信或聊天，可以时刻与他人保持联系。由此可见。这一代人离不开无线高科技产品，因此D)是本题答案。A)这代人着迷于发明或创造新事物、B)所有东西都要经过改变以适应这代人的特别需要和C)这代人赶得上技术发展的步伐均是对原文的曲解，故排除。
59.C)。E定位：根据题干中的Rosens findings定位到原文第八段第二、三句：They should be distracted and should perform more poorly than they d0，Rosen says.But findings show teens survive distractions much better than we would predict by their age and their brain develovment.
详解：推理判断题。本题考查科技对自我的一代的影响。由定位句可知，他们本来应该受到干扰，表现应该糟糕.但研究结果表明这些十来岁的孩子比我们通过年龄和大脑发育而做出的预测要有更强的抗干扰能力。由此可推断，科技并没有对他们的心智发展产生明显的负面影响，因此C)是本题答案。A)对这代人大脑发育的功能有着明显的影响、B)极大地影响了这代人的行为和学业和D)使这代人深受干扰，影响他们的日常表现均与原文意思相反，故排除。
60.A)。定位：根据题干中的education定位到原文第九段：Because these kids are more immersed and at younger ages，Rosen says，the educational system has to change significantly.
详解：推理判断题。由该段可知，由于这代孩子在年幼时便深浸于科技之中，那么教育制度也要随之进行 显著改变。由此可推断，教育制度也应适应这代人，因此A)是本题答案。B)使用更多的科技手段来迎合这 代人是对原文的曲解，故排除;C)教育制度应在某种程度上为这代人做出冒险表述含糊，故排除;D)应 以网上在线进行的方式来满足这代人的个性化需要是对原文的曲解，故排除。
61.C)。定位：由题干中的Beijing Normal University和the Earths temperature定位到第三段....for every 1.8T(1℃)rise of the Earths temperature，the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong or stronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
详解：事实细节题。本题考查地球温度上升带来的变化。定位句提到地球温度每上升l.8华氏度(1摄 氏度)，那么大西洋中强度可匹敌甚至胜过卡特里娜飓风的飓风数量会增加两倍乃至七倍，故C)更多像卡 特里娜那样或是更糟糕的飓风为答案。A)冰川期到来原文中未提及，故排除;B)越来越少的强度飓风 与原文不符，故排除;D)大气层中更多的温室气体原文中未提及，故排除。
62.D)。 E瞳由题干中的ocean water定位到第四段第二句：More water vapor in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hurricanes--also called cyclones and typhoons in different parts of the world that build strength and head toward land.
详解：瞳事实细节题。本题考查对飓风形成的区域中海水情况的理解。定位句提到从海洋中蒸发到空气中的水分越多，那么飓风的威力就越强，然后会直扑陆地，故D)蒸发成水蒸气，使得风暴威力增强为答案。A)加热飓风原文中未提及，故排除;B)蒸发后变成燃料是对add fuel的错误理解，故排除;C)直奔陆地，原文说的是飓风而不是海水，故排除。
68.B)。定位：由题干中的Hurricane Katrina定位到第五段：Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure
for a destructive storm.king more than 200 people and causing $80 billion in damage.
详解：事实细节题。本题考查飓风卡特里娜的细节。定位句提到卡特里娜飓风在抵达新奥尔良州之前 威力大增，其巨大的破坏力致使200余人丧生，并造成了800亿美元的经济损失，故答案为B)。A)在移动过程中没有减弱，定位句提及在经过佛罗里达州时有所减弱，故排除;C)飓风给佛罗里达州造成800亿美元的损失与文意不符，故排除;D)持续24小时，定位句是指以最强姿态持续24小时，而非仅仅持续24小时，故排除。
64.A)。定位：由题干regional sea surface temperature changes定位到第七段第二句：changes in regional sea surface temperatures is the primary cause of hunicane variability.
详解：事实细节题。本题考查局域海面温度的变化对飓风造成的影响。根据定位句，局域海面温度的变
化是飓风变化的主要原因，故答案为A)。B)温室气体排放量增加和c)全球变暖原文并未提及，故均排除：D)毁灭性的飓风对原文理解不准确，因为局部海面温度变化也可能导致飓风减弱，故排除。
65.B)。定位：本题是对文章的总体提问，需要对全文有较好的把握并根据各选项逐一定位。
详解：推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段的第一句可知，全球变暖是由温室气体大量排放引起的，而全球变暖和破坏性风暴频率变高之间存在联系，由此可推知，减少温室气体排放，或可缓解全球变暖的趋势，从而减少破坏性风暴的发生频率，故答案为B)。A)温室气体和破坏性风暴之间不存在联系是对文意的曲解，故排除;C)随着更多飓风的出现，强度大的飓风所占比例升高，由最后一段第二句可知，飓风发生频率与强度大的飓风的比例无明显关联，故排除;D)过去关于飓风的记录包含所有所需信息与最后 一段最后一句提到的没有全面详细的数据相矛盾，故排除。
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