09 Suburbanization
If by suburb is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1840s were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.
上一篇: 考研阅读资料:经典美文1
下一篇: 考研英语阅读分析详解例24
A word of advice for you
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修2《Unit 3 Amazing people》句型
I will always be in a quiet, began to uncomfortable!
中国将在2020年前建成浮动核电站舰队,每座造价3亿英镑
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修2《Unit 3 Amazing people》练习
The only pain is has been lost
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》句子检测
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》知识点
2017高考英语常见语法复习(13)
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》重点词语(解析拓展版)
It is not my flower, I only just passing through its flourish.
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修2《Unit 2 Wish you were here》句型
Some words can only stem rot in the throat to the bottom of my heart
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》重点词语
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》单元仿真检测
一周热词榜(2.11-17)[1]-17)
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》project language points
2017高考英语常见语法复习(11)
2017届高考备考一轮复习精选课件英语人教版Book2 Unit 3《Computers》课件 新人教版
2017高考英语常见语法复习(9)
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》Grammar-名词性从句 课件
2017高考英语常见语法复习(14)
一次实践活动 A Practical Activity
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》课文讲解及课堂检测
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修2《Unit 3 Amazing people》单词
美拟将中国游客纳入“社交媒体审查”范围
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修2《Unit 2 Wish you were here》单词
2017高考英语常见语法复习(8)
江苏省姜堰市张甸中学高三英语牛津依林版一轮复习:模块必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses》Language focus
逆天机场夹克 让你将行李全部穿在身上(视频)