英语四级听力短文理解模拟训练第17套

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions: Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked , , and . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　Passage One

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　26. Its the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment.

　　Its the production of new industrial goods.

　　Its increased amounts of a natural substance.

　　Its our ever-increasing population.

　　27. Air and water pollution.

　　Both a litter problem and a waste of resources.

　　To pay for the service.

　　To produce the receipt.

　　28. Cutting out unnecessary buying.

　　Eating less.

　　Reducing excess use.

　　Carefully disposing our daily products.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　29. It is a method often used by people who cannot speak.

　　It can tell something that words cannot express.

　　It can be used to talk with people who cannot hear.

　　It is less used than words.

　　30. Less eye contact suggests distance in relation.

　　The longer one looks at you, the more interest he has in you.

　　There is more eye contact between people who like each other.

　　Shorter eye contact shows more interest in what one is talking about.

　　31. It is a sign of ones friendliness.

　　It is a sign of ones unfriendliness.

　　It makes people feel happy.

　　It makes people feel uncomfortable.

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　32. Universities in the United States

　　The Academic Year

　　The Quarter System

　　The Semester System

　　33. Four regular terms.

　　Three regular terms and one summer term.

　　Two regular terms and two summer terms.

　　One regular term and three summer terms.

　　34. September.

　　Summer semester only.

　　At the beginning of any quarter.

　　At the beginning of the academic year.

　　35. They allow students to graduate early.

　　They provide more options for admission.

　　They are long enough to cover the course material.

　　They last eleven weeks.

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　文章精要

　　文章指出，污染一方面是人类把新的人造物质排放到环境中造成的，另一方面是排放大量的天然物质造成的。但是，如果政府、公司和个人都努力的话，大部分的污染是可以得到控制的。

　　26．A信息明示题。文章第一段第二句指出，污染一方面是人类将未用过的、通常是人造的物质排放到大自然中造成的，另一方面是不断地将天然物质排放到自然环境中而造成的，所以A正确。

　　27．B信息明示题。文章第二段第四句说：This not only causes a litter problem，but also is a great waste of resources，this指前面的food packages，bottles and tins for drinks。所以B正确。

　　28．B信息明示题。文章第二段提到，减少不必要的采购和消耗，认真处理我们的日常用品，都可以减少污染和浪费，但是并没有提到少吃也会减少污染和浪费，所以选B。

　　Passage Two

　　文章精要

　　文章指出，非语言的交流与手势、动作和说话人之间的距离有很大关系。科学家发现，那些手势和动作等含有语言无法表达的意思。如：南美洲人说话时喜欢距离近一些，而北美洲人正好相反。眼神的交流也可以表达出热情、兴趣、害羞或信心等情感，但是微笑并不一定表示友好，没有明显理由的微笑会让人感觉很不自在。

　　29．B信息明示题。文章第一段指出，科学家认为那些手势、动作含有语言没有的意思。所以B正确。其他三项文中都没有提到。

　　30．D综合推断题。文章第二段最后一句指出，与你交谈的那个人注视你的时间长短，表示他对你的谈话内容感兴趣的程度，由此可知，如果眼神交流的时间短，那么对谈话内容感兴趣的程度就低，D项内容与此相反，所以错误，故答案选D。

　　31．D信息明示题。文章最后一段指出，我们并不总认为微笑表示友好，如果有人总是在微笑，并且没有什么明显的理由，就会让人感到很不自在，所以D正确。uncomfortable的意思是不舒服的，与uneasy的意思相近。

　　Passage Three

　　文章精要

　　文章指出，尽管大多数美国大学都采用学期制，但是一些学校开始试行季节制。该体制包括四个季节，每学年从9月开始到次年6月，分成3个11周，分别从9月、1月和3月开始。这样的好处在于，那些希望快些修完学分的学生可以四个季节的课程全部参加，此外，学校设施也可以最大限度地为学生提供服务；但缺点在于11周的时间太短，不够完成课程，学生也觉得在那么短的时间内很难完成老师布置的作业。有些学校采取了折中的做法，即建立三个学期的体制。

　　32．C主旨题。文章第一段引出现在一些大学的做法，即试行季节体制，第二段介绍该体制的优缺点，第三段义提到一些大学的折中做法，由此可知，全文都是对季节体制的介绍，所以C正确。

　　33．B信息明示题。第一段最后一句指出，三个学期分别在9月、1月和3月开始，暑期则是从6月到8月，由此可见，这种体制一共包括三个常规学期和一个暑期，所以B正确。

　　34．C信息明示题。文章第二段提到，这种体制的另外一个好处就是，尽管大多数学生在秋季开学，但在该体制下，学生也可以在其他任何学期开始的时候开始上课学习，所以C正确。

　　35．D信息明示题。文章最后一段最后一句提到，在这14周里，学校和学生都有足够的时间来学习并完成课程安排，所以D项有11周是错误的，故选D。

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by mans release of completely new and often artificial substances into the environment or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance, such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.

　　Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only not to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　26. Whats the main cause of pollution?

　　27. What can food packages, bottles and tins for drinks cause?

　　28. Which of the following CANNOT help solving the problem of pollution?

　　Passage Two

　　Nonverbal communication has to do with gestures, movements and closeness of two people when they are talking. The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.

　　For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important. North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking, while the South American often considers the North American to be cold or distant because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to. The eye contact provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication. Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who dont like each other. The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about.

　　On the other hand, too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable. The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication. Genuine warmth or interest, shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes. We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendliness. Someone who is always smiling, and with little apparent reasons, often makes us uneasy.

　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　29. Which of the following about nonverbal communication is true?

　　30. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　31. How do people think about constant smiling without apparent reason?

　　Passage Three

　　Although most universities in the United States are on a semester system, which offers classes in the fall and spring, some schools observe a quarter system comprised of fall, winter, spring, and summer quarters. The academic year, September to June, is divided into three quarters of eleven weeks each beginning in September, January, and March; the summer quarter, June to August, is composed of shorter sessions of varying length.

　　There are several advantages and disadvantages to the quarter system. On the plus side, students who wish to complete their degrees in less than the customary four years may take advantage of the opportunity to study year round by enrolling in all four quarters. In addition, although most students begin their programs in the fall quarter, they may enter at the beginning of any of the other quarters. Finally, since the physical facilities are kept in operation year round, the resources are used efficiently to serve the greatest number of students. But there are several disadvantages as well. Many faculties complain that the eleven-week term is simply not long enough for them to cover the material required by most college courses. Students also find it difficult to complete the assignments in such a short period of time.

　　In order to combine the advantages of the quarter system with those of the semester system, some colleges and universities have instituted a three-term trimester system. In fourteen weeks, faculty and students have more time to cover material and finish course requirements, but the additional term provides more options for admission during the Year and accelerates the degree programs.

　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　32. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

　　33. How many terms are there in a quarter system?

　　34. When may students begin studying in a school that uses a quarter system?

　　35. Which of the following characteristics does NOT apply to trimesters?