学无定法,练无成规,听力亦如此,功到自然成。但如果在训练过程中能遵循语言的基本规律,并将这些规律化为各种技巧,例如捕捉重要信息、推测言外之意、总结归纳抓住中心思想等,则能提高训练效率,收到事半功倍之效果。
听力训练中需把握以下几方面的规律:
1.语音规律
包括辨音、音变现象、重音等。
例如,连读是口语中经常出现的音变现象。如Fog is spreading to all areas . 前三个单词连读成了/ fcgizpredin/。
又如,在快速语流中常产生音的同化现象,像Would you mind if I smoke here ? 句中would一词本应读成/wud/,但当后面紧跟you /ju:/ 时,尾辅音 /d/ 与 /j/ 同化为另一个辅音/dv/。next year中的尾辅音/t/ 与/j/ 同化成/tf/。读作/nekstfe/。如不熟悉这种同化现象,便会误认为遇到了生词。
学生在平时学习中学会正确发音,掌握单词发音的基本规律和常识,不但有助于提高听说能力,而且有助于培养语感,提高英语整体水平。
2.语调规律
注意和分析单词在句中的重读规律有助于识别单词、词组并区分实词、虚词;而注意说话者的语气并分析语句的升、平、降调则有助于了解说话人的情感、态度,从而正确判断说话人之间的关系,推断说话人的意图和目的。英语中的陈述句、特殊疑问句、祈使句、感叹句多用降调。升调常表示疑问、怀疑、不解、或不确定,不但常用在一般疑问句中,也用在陈述句、特殊疑问句、婉转祈使句或反意疑问句中。例如:
I thought it would be all right. 。
You havent seen the film, have you?
Its a wonderful film, dont you think so?
虚拟语气的语调往往很强烈,句尾使用高降调。例如:
How I wish I were a student!
3.句法规律
主要包括两项内容:
a) 听力材料中有些词,尤其是虚词往往不易一下听出来,必须运用句法知识加以弥补;
b) 英语中有些特殊的句型句式、习惯用法常令学生在听力测试中倍感困惑,仅举几例说明。
例1:
You cannot be too careful when you drive a car. 开车时越小心越好。
cannot / can never与too连用表示越越好;再也不为过
例2:
He is no more able to read Spanish than I am. 他和我一样都读不懂西班牙文。
体坛英语资讯:China leads at curling world championship
体坛英语资讯:Czech soccer head coach Rada dismissed
体坛英语资讯:Cannavaro plays waiting game with Real Madrid
体坛英语资讯:Flamengos basketball team wins heading into all-star break
体坛英语资讯:Federer loses to Djokovic in Miami ATP tennis semi
体坛英语资讯:Djokovic enters quarterfinals, Kuznetsova makes semi in Miami tennis
体坛英语资讯:Lance Armstrong breaks collarbone after heavy fall in Spanish cycle race
体坛英语资讯:Teenager Azarenka beats Serena to win Miami WTA title
体坛英语资讯:Austrian ski jumper wins World Cup in Slovenia
体坛英语资讯:Robinho cleared of rape charges
体坛英语资讯:Zheng focuses on results, not rankings
体坛英语资讯:Maradona has successful debut as coach, Argentine press
体坛英语资讯:Mourinho under fire for latest outburst
体坛英语资讯:Roddick sets up Nadal semifinal
体坛英语资讯:Brazil, Britain to exchange experience in football
体坛英语资讯:Federer wins sportsmanship award for 5th year
体坛英语资讯:Terry late winner keeps England on course for World Cup
体坛英语资讯:Ballesteros offers thanks for his cancer recovery
体坛英语资讯:S. Williams upset in opening round of Andalucia Tennis Championships
体坛英语资讯:Lakers star Kobe sued by housekeeper
体坛英语资讯:Macheda last-gasp winner sends Manchester Utd back top
体坛英语资讯:FIA promises to cut F1 super licence costs
体坛英语资讯:British police searching for football match coin missile thrower
体坛英语资讯:Briton McIlroy leads teenage parade
体坛英语资讯:Bayern, Wolfsburg narrow gap with Bundesliga leaders Berlin
体坛英语资讯:Piturca sacked as Romanias national soccer team coach
体坛英语资讯:Barcelona, Real Madrid both win again in Spains Primera Liga
体坛英语资讯:Nets suspend center Williams for 2 days after arrest
体坛英语资讯:Late Riera goal gives Spain key win in Turkey
体坛英语资讯:Injured Kaka stays behind in Brazil to recuperate