两者均可引导主语、表语、宾语从句,区别是 what 可在从句中用作主语、宾语或表语,意为什么或所的,而 that 仅起连接作用,本身没有实际意义,在从句中也不充当任何句子成分(引导宾语从句时通常可以省略)。如:
He doesnt know what she likes. 他不知道她喜欢什么。
What you say is quite right. 你所说的相当正确。
I believe (that) he will come to see us. 我相信他会来看我们的。
Its a pity (that) he didnt finish college. 真遗憾他大学没毕业。
另外,that 可引导同位语从句,但 what 通常不用于引导同位语从句。如:
I had no idea that you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。
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