使用分词逻辑主语的有关特例
一般说来，分词作状语，它的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，但事实上有少数例外的特殊情况。如：
(1) 某些表示说话人态度的一些惯用分词表达，它们在用作状语时其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。如：
Generally speaking, women live longer than men. 一般说来女人比男人活得长。
Judging from what you say，he ought to succeed. 从你的话看他应当能成功。
Considering the distance，he arrived very quickly. 考虑到路程，他到达得很快。
Taking everything into consideration, you should leave. 考虑到各种因素，你最好离开。
(2) 当句子含有先行主语it或there时，有时有作状语的分词短语可以与先行主语不一致。如：
Having so little time, there was not much that I could do. 由于时间很少，我能做的事很有限。
Being French, its surprising that shes such a terrible cook. 她是法国人，但她做饭做得那么糟真是令人感到惊奇。
(3) 当分词已转化为介词或连词，此时也无需考虑主语一致问题。如：
Supposing she doesnt come, what shall we do? 要是她不来我们怎么办?(supposing为连词，意为假若)
Given their inexperience, theyve done a good job. 考虑到他们没有经验，这工作已做得很不错了。(given为介词，意为考虑到)
(4) 当分词暗含的逻辑主语为表示泛指意义的one或you时，也无需考虑主语的一致性问题。如：
In doing such work, patience is needed. 做这种工作需要耐心。(=When one does such work, patience is needed.)