在通常情况下,分词作状语时它的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致,若不一致,则应改用其他句型,如:
误:Crossing the road, a car knocked him down.
正:Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. 过马路时他被车撞倒了。
正:When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 他过马路时车子把他撞倒了。
解决状语分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致的问题,也可在分词前加一个名词或代词,使之成为分词的逻辑主语。由于加在分词前的名词或代词要用主格形式,故称分词的独立主格结构。如:
The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了。
The weather being fine, we went swimming. 天气很好,我们就去游泳了。
He being absent, nothing couldnt be done. 由于他缺席,什么事也干不成。
以上各句的the job, the weather, he 等不能省略。
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