1. 非延续性动词可用来表示某一动作完成,因此可用于现在完成时。如:
The train has arrived. 火车到了。
Have you joined the computer group? 你加入电脑小组了吗?
2. 非延续性动词表示的动作极其短暂,不能持续。因此,不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定句)。如:
(1) 他死了三年了。
误:He has died for three years.
正:He has been dead for three years.
正:He died three years ago.
正:It is three years since he died.
正:Three years has passed since he died.
(2) 他来这儿五天了。
误:He has come here for five days.
正:He has been here for five days.
正:He came here five days ago.
正:It is five days since he came here.
正:Five days has passed since he came here.
(1)、(2)句中的die、come为非延续性动词,不能与表示时间段的状语连用。那么,应如何正确表达呢?可以采用下面的四种方法:
a. 将句中非延续性动词转换为相应的延续性动词,如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例:leavebe away, borrowkeep, buyhave, begin/startbe on, diebe dead, move tolive in, finishbe over, joinbe in/be a member of, open sth.keep sth. open, fall illbe ill, get upbe up, catch a coldhave a cold。
b. 将句中表示时间段的状语改为表示过去确定时间的状语,如下面两例中的第二种正确表达方式。
c. 用句型It is+段时间+since...表达原意,如上面两例中的第三种正确表达方式。
d. 用句型时间+has passed+since...表达原意,如上面两例中的第四种正确表达方式。
3. 非延续性动词可用于现在完成时否定式中,成为可以延续的状态,因而可与表示时间段的状语连用。如:
He hasnt left here since 1986. 从1986年以来他就没离开过这里。
I havent heard from my father for two weeks. 我已经两周没收到我父亲的来信了。
4. 非延续性动词的否定式与until/till连用,构成not+终止性动词+until/till...的句型,意为直到才。如:
You cant leave here until I arrive. 直到我到了,你才能离开这里。
I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight. 今天晚上直到我画完画,我才去睡觉。
5. 非延续性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中,但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。
因为when表示的时间可以是时间点(从句谓语动词用非延续性动词),也可以是时间段(从句谓语动词用延续性动词);而while表示的是一个较长的时间或过程,从句谓语动词要用延续性动词。如:
When we reached London, it was twelve oclock.(reach为终止性动词)
Please look after my daughter while/when we are away.(be away为延续性动词短语)
6. 终止性动词完成时不可与how long连用(只限于肯定句)。如:
误:How long have you come here?
正:How long have you been here?
正:When did you come here?
上一篇: 从零开始学语法:连系动词及系表结构
下一篇: 从零开始学语法:延续性动词的用法特征
英国首相布莱尔年少也“风流”
新设计:Pinterest新功能大获好评,外媒说每个平台都该借鉴
国际英语资讯:Roundup: French govt defends plan to overhaul pension, but open for dialogue
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: Pelosi greenlights drafting articles of impeachment, White House braces for Senat
两会幕后:“老外”也为“两会”忙
国内英语资讯:CPC leadership deliberates upon 2020 economic work, anti-corruption
晒工资晒出不平衡 节后刮起“跳槽风”
体坛英语资讯:Pliskova lurches past Halep into semis of WTA Finals
国际英语资讯:400 people evacuated from hotel blaze in Thailands resort city of Pattaya
时尚潮流篇
国际英语资讯:Moroccan PM, U.S. secretary of state discuss boosting cooperation
国内英语资讯:UN official lauds Chinas efforts to ensure affordable Internet access
看鞋识男人:你最喜欢男生穿哪种鞋?
体坛英语资讯:Messi returns to Argentina squad after ban
印度海军启用了有史以来首位女飞行员
体坛英语资讯:Zhang/Stosur power into doubles semis of WTA Finals Shenzhen
体坛英语资讯:China cruise past North America 107-73 in international womens basketball warmup
国内英语资讯:China, South Korea agree to expand cooperation, promote trade
是什么降低了你的工作满意度?
国际英语资讯:Saudi king calls Trump after Saudi national goes on shooting spree in U.S. military base
国内英语资讯:Chinas service trade up 2.6 pct in first 10 months
国际英语资讯:Delay in USMCA not to impact Mexican economy: finance minister
Beautiful Hometown 美丽的家乡
体坛英语资讯:Preview: Returnees likely to capture headlines in Premier League this weekend
Sexy time当选好莱坞年度最“潮”热词
体坛英语资讯:Kenyas Bandari plotting to overturn deficit against Guineas Horoya in CAF Confed Cup
爱喝葡萄酒的人饮食习惯最健康
国际英语资讯:News Analysis: Greek labor market appears saturated for migrants
体坛英语资讯:Manchester City to visit Oxford for EFL quarterfinals
自卑的人容易患抑郁症吗?