在学完定语从句之后,同学们会接触到的另一个语法项目是数词。表示数目、多少和顺序先后的词叫数词。数词有两种:表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,如:one,ten twenty-three;表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词,如:first,third,twentieth。
1.基数词
基数词相当于名词,在句中可做主语、表语、定语、状语等。如:
Three of my classmates are from Shanghai.
I am twenty this year.
They have four classes in the morning and three in the afternoon.
2.序数词
1)序数词的构成:
★大多数的序数词是由基数词加-th构成。如:seven―seventh;ten―tenth
★以-t结尾的基数词只在词尾加-h。如:eight―eighth
★以-ve结尾的基数词改-ve为f再加-th。如:five―fifth;twelve―twelfth
★以-y结尾的基数词改-y为-ie再加-th。如:twenty―twentieth,thirty―thirtieth
★几十几的序数词只在个位数体现。如:twenty-one―twenty-first;thirty-three―thirty-third
★特殊的序数词:
one―first;two―second;three―third; nine―ninth
2)序数词在句中同样可做主语、表语、定语、状语等。如:
June the first is Childrens Day.
When did you first meet each other?
She was the last to arrive.
3.数词的用法:
1)表示年、月、日,年用基数词,日用序数词。如:May eleventh,2007
2)表示时间。如: Its eleven twenty.
3)表示编号。编号既可以用基数词表示,也可以用序数词表示。区别是基数词用在名词之后,序数词位于名词之前,并加定冠词。如:Lesson Nine;the Ninth Lesson
4)介词 in ones+整数数词的复数形式,表示年龄。如:
She is in her early forties.(她四十出头。)
5)序数词前加冠词a表示再一次。如:Can I try a second time?
6)在hundred,thousand,million,billion前有数词时为实数意义,它们的词尾不能加复数。前无数词时为虚数意义,hundred,thousand,million,billion可加复数,并可和of连用,构成短语。如:five hundred students;millions of people
相关阅读:
初一英语词汇复习:数词小结(二)
初一英语词汇复习:数词小结(三)
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