避免使用不完整或冗长的句式
不完整的句式没有独立的从句;而冗长的句式则有两个以上的从句,而这若干从句之间并没有恰当地衔接。这两种错误都是我们应该努力避免的,具体做法如下。
不完整的句式
正式写作中的每句话都必须有独立从句。所谓独立从句,就是包含主语、谓语,并且不以下述连词作为句子开头:
After if than whenever although in order that though where as provided that unless whether because since until while before so that
错误:Global warming. This is what the scientists and journalists are worried about.
正确:Global warming is the cause of concern for scientists and journalists.
注意,以并列连词and、but、or、nor和for作为单句的开头,则是可以接受的。例如:
正确:Most people would agree that indigent patients should receive wonderful health care. But every treatment has its price.
冗长的句式
在时间紧张的情况下,不少学生写出来的句子没有标点连接,或者只有逗号。例如:
Current insurance practices are unfair they discriminate against the people who need insurance most.
我们有三种修改方法:
1)标注句号:Current insurance practices are unfair. They discriminate against the people who need insurance most.
这样,一个独立的句子就变成几个独立的从句。
2)标注分号:Current insurance practices are unfair; they discriminate against the people who need insurance most.利用分号把具有独立意义的句式分开,但同时向读者表明句子表示的含义之间存在一定联系。
3)利用连词:Current insurance practices are unfair in that they discriminate against the people who need insurance most.这也是最有效的修改方法,从句仍然是独立的,同时也表明了从句之间的联系。
出现冗长句式还有一个原因,就是误用however、nevertheless、furthermore、likewise、therefore等副词。例如:
错误:Current insurance practices are discriminatory, furthermore they make insurance too expensive for the poor.
正确:Current insurance practices are discriminatory. Furthermore, they make insurance too expensive for the poor.
上一篇: SAT写作6分范文
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