民意测验的结果往往起伏波动很大,一次测验的结果绝对说明不了问题,而在这“备战阶段最先让人略见选情眉目的是大选年初的冬天在爱奥华州举行的政党基层会议和在新罕普什尔州举行的初选。有一个特别的词表示政党基层会议:caucus。
Caucus 是由州内的政党领导人召开的基层会议,讨论竞选策略,并挑选出他们在政党的全国代表大会上所支持的侯选人。Caucus这个词来自阿尔冈昆印第安语原意是 “部落里的贤者 也就是专门为他人指点迷津的人,相当于现代社会的咨询顾问。当然召开政党基层会议的当地政党领导人确实是基层民众的政治顾问。这可能就是用caucus来指政党基层会议的缘由。而初选的英文是:primaries。大多数州都要到大选年的春天才决定两党的总统侯选人提名。我们分析这两个州现行一步的道理。
例句-1:One reason that the Iowa caucus and New Hampshire primary are held so early is the two states take pride in being first to let voters of both parties express their support for the candidates in some official way.
And maybe it’s also because they enjoy the national attention the early caucus or primary brings them for a few months once every four years.
After all they seldom get any other national notice.
他说:爱奥华州和新罕普什尔州这么早就举行政党基层会议和初选的一个原因是能领先一步让投票人通过正式途径表达对两党侯选人的支持使这两个州引为自豪。
与此同时,他们可能也高兴由于政党基层会议和初选他们每隔四年就有几个月的时间成为全国瞩目的地方。这种全国性的关注对他们说来毕竟是难得的待遇。
新罕普什尔州和爱奥华州在全国地位类同,所以在意识观念方面也有相似的地方:他们都争着要成为四年一度的大选的揭幕人,于是这两个州的政坛领袖于八十年代中达成协议,既然爱奥华州最先举行政党基层会议,就由新罕普什尔州第一个举行初选。这样两个州就平分秋色了。
于是新罕普什尔州和爱奥华州每到大选年初的冬天就分外热闹:跃跃欲试的两党竞选人蜂拥而至,马不停蹄地奔波于州内大小城镇之间,尽可能多多地跟选民握手,并且四处举行公开辩论,吸引广大资讯媒体的注目和报道,而投票一结束这两个州就又重返往常宁静平缓的步调。
那么究竟the New Hampshire Primaries是否侯选人日后入主白宫的关键呢?我们再听听唐本森先生的看法吧。
例句-2:New Hampshire calls itself ’the maker of presidents’ with the claim that winners in the New Hampshire primaries get a head start on the run for the White House. Is this so? To tell the truth, winners in New Hampshire often drop out later and never get nominated by their party’s National Conventions, or if they do, never make it to the White House. But at least the New Hampshire Primaries together with the Iowa Caucuses tell how well candidates are doing with grassroots Americans.
他说:新罕普什尔州自称为“总统的缔造者。 他们声称在新罕普什尔州初选取胜的人在向白宫进军的道路上会领先一步。果真如此吗? 说实话,这些胜利者日后往往退出竞选,也从来没有在本党全国代表大会上得到总统侯选人提名,即使得到提名也从未入主白宫。然而新罕普什尔州初选和爱奥华州政党基层会议至少说明了侯选人在基层美国人中有多少威信。
(编辑:薛琳)
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