GRE阅读量很大包括写作,新GRE写作要求考生在30分钟+30分钟内分别完成两篇文章,它是美国所有作文考试中时间最长而质量要求最高的一类作文考试。所以我们一定要做好充分的准备,应付这场硬战。
某些情况往往说话人也会为了某种修辞目的采用倒装结构,修辞目的的倒装结构以文学作品居多。通常在考试的情况下,试题命题人往往会出于某种迷惑考生的目的,有意将句子结构进行改写,在新GRE阅读理解的很多文章中我们都可以发现这种情况。下面我们就结合几个典型的实例来对倒装结构进行分析常见倒装搭配的几种情况:
及物动词加介词:固定词组的固定搭配中,经常出现倒装情况。
例如:bring A to B,写作:Bring to B A例:Yet Walters argument , however deficient , does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who ,no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards , often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.
翻译:然而,沃尔泽的论点,无论它不充分到何种地步,确实揭示了资本主义体制中最为严重的一个弱点,即它将某一类人置于社会中的显赫位置,这类人无论以怎样合法的手段获得了其物质报酬,却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人爱戴和钦佩的品质。
如果从bring A to B的角度去分析这个句子,则这个句子应该将people who....or admiration写到it brings 后面,之所以原句子不这样做,则遵循了英语的句尾信息焦点原则,从而尾部信息成为一种受到强调的部位.根据这条原则,说话人要强调什么意思,便可以让他出现在句子的句尾,而传递的信息便主次分明了.句尾信息焦点和尾重原则就是采用这一原理.对比下面这两句话:
The patient was taken good care of, and began to recover immediately.
The patient was taken good care of, and immediately began to recover.
这两个句子的意思都是病人受到了很好的照顾,很快开始康复。但第一句的意义重心是immediately, 强调了康复的速度,而第二句的意义重心则在于康复而不强调马上。
另外上面的第一个例句中的倒装部分还考虑了一个因素,那就是使之读起来不至于让人产生头重脚轻的感觉,而people who....or admiration带有一个较长的定语从句,所以就放在了末尾,另外作者在本句中所强调的部分显然是often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration,却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人爱戴和钦佩的品质另外no matter how......material rewards为本句当中的一个插入语成分。
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