编辑点评: 提纲是作者构思谋篇的具体体现。便于作者有条理地安排材料、展开论证。提纲在GRE写作当中起到了至关重要的作用。小编为大家整理了教育类的GRE Issue高频提纲,供大家参考。
223 Education is primarily a personal matter; it has little to do with school or college.
214. Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability. Otherwise, these talents are likely to remain undeveloped.
a) 不可否认,有些神童的确是在小时候开始培养的。某些领域需要从小开始积累,联系,以后才可能有所成就,比如音乐,体育。例如莫扎特Mozart和贝多芬Beethoven。比如体操,小时候身体条件适合练习和培养,长大了就错过时机了。
b) 判断一个小孩是否有天赋是很难的事情,仅看IQ或者EQ是不能得出结论的。比如Einstein小时候别人就认为他是个普通的小孩,读大学前人们也没看出什么优点,但是没有人否认他是20世纪最伟大的物理学家。而且有些领域如果小孩没有接触到,是不可能发现他有这方面天赋的,比如音乐。而且小孩子所谓的天赋也许只是一时的兴趣造成的,兴趣是会随着时间改变的,也许天赋在其他方面,比如De Broglie小时候在文学literature方面有天赋,但是后来确是在物理上有更大的成就
c) 成就的原因有多种,比如自身努力;即使对这些小孩重点培养了,他们也不一定能够成为科学家,艺术家。Genetic reason固然重要,但是后天的努力是占很大的比例的,Edison就说过,achievement equals to 1% genius plus 99% diligence。所以自身努力是很重要的。更多的大师和有所成就的人是靠自己成年后的努力才得到的,比如Wegner等
d) 其他相关培养只注重于这些小孩特别技能的培养而忽视其他方面比如心理,文化知识的教育,会对他们的成长有损害。他们很可能因此人格有缺陷,这样反而可能对社会带来危害。如果对某一部分孩子进行特殊的培养,就会使得其它孩子产生自卑self-abasement的心里,也不利于其它孩子的发展,毕竟在某方面有天赋的小孩还是少数。
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