When did sport begin? If sport is, in essence, play, the claim might be made that sport is much older than humankind, for , as we all have observed, the beasts play. Dogs and cats wrestle and play ball games. Fishes and birds dance. The apes have simple, pleasurable games. Frolicking infants, school children playing tag, and adult arm wrestlers are demonstrating strong, transgenerational and transspecies bonds with the universe of animals - past, present, and future.
Young animals, particularly, tumble, chase, run wrestle, mock, imitate, and laugh to the point of delighted exhaustion. Their play, and ours, appears to serve no other purpose than to give pleasure to the players, and apparently, to remove us temporarily from the anguish of life in earnest.
Some philosophers have claimed that our playfulness is the most noble part of our basic nature. In their generous conceptions, play harmlessly and experimentally permits us to put our creative forces, fantasy, and imagination into action. Play is release from the tedious battles against scarcity and decline which are the incessant, and inevitable, tragedies of life. This is a grand conception that excites and provokes.
The holders of this view claim that the origins of our highest accomplishments ---- liturgy, literature, and law ---- can be traced to a play impulse which, paradoxically, we see most purely enjoyed by young beasts and children. Our sports, in this rather happy, nonfatalistic view of human nature, are more splendid creations of the nondatable, transspecies play impulse.
2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题十一 《情态动词与虚拟语气》(1)(人教版)
2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题七 《定语从句》(人教版)
2015届高考英语一轮复习教案:Module 6《The Internet and Telecommunications》(外研版必修一)
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2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题四 《形容词》(1)(人教版)
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2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题三 《非谓语动词》(人教版)
2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题一 《动词的时态和语态》(人教版)
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2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题十三 《名词》(人教版)
2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题九 《时态语态》(人教版)
2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题一 《名词》(1)(人教版)
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2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题四 《名词性从句》(人教版)
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2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题十二 《冠词》(人教版)
2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题二 《名词性从句》(人教版)
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2015届高考英语一轮基础语法专项训练:专题三 《动词》(人教版)
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