GRE考试的阅读题也就不再成为一直困扰中国学生的重大问题。有些考生不知道如何去读文章:有的考生读完文章后,知道文章讲的是什么,但就是做题的时候错误频频;有的考生在对完文章后,就跟没读一样,是云里雾里,不知所云。
针对这种情况,原因主要可以从两方面去解释:首先,是对文章的理解情况;其次,就是对题型掌握地不够深入。对文章结构地理解问题,可以从文章地结构类型等方面去读,这点在之前的文章已做了详细的解释,这里就不在说了。今天主要对阅读题的题型进行具体的解析。
GRE阅读题大体上就分成主题题和细节题两大类:
主题题型
主要指的是主旨题和态度题,问的是文章在说什么在表达什么,作者的态度是什么等这类的问题,针对这类问题,要求考生对全文有很好的把握,特别要注意一些起承转会的词语如however,but等。
细节题型
包括给定行数题、写作用意题、强对比互取非题、改进性取非题、Except/Not题、逻辑题、题、类比题等等,这类题型都需要的是对原文的定位,考生要快速的找出问题在文中的相应位置,然后解答有时需要加上一些逻辑是非题等。
通常情况下,主题题是GRE阅读题中最常见的一种题型,每篇文章都会对此进行考查,因此,这是很重要的一种题型,掌握了这种题型的出题思路,拿分是很容易的事。
主旨题和态度题一般事相互的,在考查主旨题时,都会作者的一种态度问题,所以这里把这两中题型放在一起来介绍。主旨题涉及的内容也有很多类:有针对文章内容的;有针对文章结构的;也有对作者的写作手法的。
总体来说,判断整篇文章的结构类型,Topic Sentence,Structural Elements及作者态度是做主旨题的基础。结构类型相同的文章,尽管内容不尽相同,但是主旨题的答案却有相当程度的可比性。如全文论证一个观点型,新观点推翻旧观点型文章等。
1.针对文章的内容大意的提问
这是主旨题中最常见的一种提问方式,大约占主旨题出现率的70%左右。常见的提问方式:
The primary purpose of the passage is to
The author is primarily concerned with
The passage focuses primarily on which of the following
下面以一篇短阅读为例子来说明:
Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earths subsurface,the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves.In field practice,a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources,such as small dynamite explosions,in a grid pattern.As each source is activated,it generates a wave train that moves downward at a speed determined uniquely by the rocks elastic characteristics.As rock interfaces are crossed,the elastic characteristics encountered generally change abruptly,which causes part of the energy to be reflected back to the surface,where it is recorded by seismic instruments.The seismic records must be processed to correct for positional differences between the source and the receiver,for unrelated wave trains,and for multiple reflections from the rock interfaces.Then the data acquired at each of the specific source locations are combined to generate a physical profile of the subsurface,which can eventually be used to select targets for drilling.
The passage is primarily concerned with
Describing an important technique
Discussing a new method
Investigating a controversial procedure
Announcing a significant discovery
Promoting a novel application
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