编辑点评: GRE阅读的方法相信大家已经积累了很多了,本文就为大家提供一些GRE阅读的材料,大家来练一练,把平时学到的东西运用到实际中,也多多积累词汇和句子,提高自己的阅读能力。
每天做一些标准的GRE阅读练习,有助于大家在GRE考试的复习过程中不断地进行练习和总结。希望大家在进行GRE阅读练习时,充分运用平时所积累的知识,这样才能有效果。
The Food and Drug Administration has recently proposed severe restrictions on the use of antibiotics to promote the health and growth of meat animals. Medications added to feeds kill many microorganisms but also encourage the appearance of bacterial strains that are resistant to anti-infective drugs. Already, for example, penicillin and the tetracyclines are not as effective therapeutically as they once were. The drug resistance is chiefly conferred by tiny circlets of genes, called plasmids, that can be exchanged between different strains and even different species of bacteria. Plasmids are also one of the two kinds of vehicles that molecular biologists depend on when performing gene transplant experiments. Even present guidelines forbid the laboratory use of plasmids bearing genes for resistance to antibiotics. Yet, while congressional debate rages over whether or not to toughen these restrictions on scientists in their laboratories, little congressional attention has been focused on an ill-advised agricultural practice that produces known deleterious effects.
17. In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with
discovering methods of eliminating harmful microorganisms without subsequently generating drug-resistant bacteria
explaining reasons for congressional inaction on the regulation of gene transplant experiments
describing a problematic agricultural practice and its serious genetic consequences
verifying the therapeutic ineffectiveness of anti-infective drugs
evaluating recently proposed restrictions intended to promote the growth of meat animals
18. According to the passage, the exchange of plasmids between different bacteria can results in which of the following?
Microorganisms resistant to drugs
Therapeutically useful circlets of genes
Anti-infective drugs like penicillin
Viruses for use by molecular biologists
Vehicles for performing gene transplant experiments
19. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes that those in favor of stiffening the restrictions on gene transplant research should logically also
encourage experiments with any plasmids except those bearing genes for antibiotic resistance
question the addition of anti-infective drugs to livestock feeds
resist the use of penicillin and tetracyclines to kill microorganisms
agree to the development of meatier livestock through the use of antibiotics
favor congressional debate and discussion of all science and health issues
20. The author s attitude toward the development of bacterial strains that render antibiotic drugs ineffective can best be described as
indifferent
perplexed
pretentious
insincere
apprehensive
During adolescence, the development of political ideology becomes apparent in the individual; ideology here is defined as the presence of roughly consistent attitudes, more or less organized in reference to a more encompassing, though perhaps tacit, set of general principles. As such , political ideology is dim or absent at the beginning of adolescence. Its acquisition by the adolescent, in even the most modest sense, requires the acquisition of relatively sophisticated cognitive skills: the ability to manage abstractness, to synthesize and generalize, to imagine the future. These are accompanied by a steady advance in the ability to understand principles.
The child s rapid acquisition of political knowledge also promotes the growth of political ideology during adolescence. By knowledge I mean more than the dreary facts, such as the composition of county government that the child is exposed to in the conventional ninth-grade civics course. Nor do I mean only information on current political realities. These are facets of knowledge, but they are less critical than the adolescent s absorption, often unwitting, of a feeling for those many unspoken assumptions about the political system that comprise the common ground of understanding for example, what the state can appropriately demand of its citizens, and vice versa , or the proper relationship of government to subsidiary social institutions, such as the schools and churches. Thus political knowledge is the awareness of social assumptions and relationships as well as of objective facts. Much of the naivet that characterizes the younger adolescent s grasp of politics stems not from an ignorance of facts but from conventions of the system, of what is and is not customarily done, and of how and why it is or is not done.
Yet I do not want to overemphasize the significance of increased political knowledge in forming adolescent ideology. Over the years I have become progressively disenchanted about the centrality of such knowledge and have come to believe that much current work in political socialization, by relying too heavily on its apparent acquisition, has been misled about the tempo of political understanding in adolescence. Just as young children can count numbers in series without grasping the principle of ordination, young adolescents may have in their heads many random bits of political information without a secure understanding of those concepts that would give order and meaning to the information.
Like magpies, children s minds pick up bits and pieces of data. If you encourage them, they will drop these at your feet Republicans and Democrats, the tripartite division of the federal system, perhaps even the capital of Massachusetts. But until the adolescent has grasped the integumental function that concepts and principles provide, the data remain fragmented, random, disordered.
21. The author s primary purpose in the passage is to
clarify the kinds of understanding an adolescent must have in order to develop a political ideology
dispute the theory that a political ideology can be acquired during adolescence
explain why adolescents are generally uninterested in political arguments
suggest various means of encouraging adolescents to develop personal political ideologies
explain why an adolescent s political ideology usually appears more sophisticated than it actually is
22. According to the author, which of the following contributes to the development of political ideology during adolescence?
Conscious recognition by the adolescent of his or her own naivet
Thorough comprehension of the concept of ordination
Evaluation by the adolescent of the general principles encompassing his or her specific political ideas
Intuitive understanding of relationships among various components of society
Rejection of abstract reasoning in favor of involvement with pragmatic situations
23. The author uses the term common ground of understanding to refer to
familiar legislation regarding political activity
the experiences that all adolescents share
a society s general sense of its own political activity
a society s willingness to resolve political tensions
the assumption that the state controls social institutions
24. The passage suggests that, during early adolescence, a child would find which of the following most difficult to understand?
A book chronicling the ways in which the presidential inauguration ceremony has changed over the years
An essay in which an incident in British history is used to explain the system of monarchic succession
A summary of the respective responsibilities of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government
A debate in which the participants argue, respectively, that the federal government should or should not support private schools
An article detailing the specific religious groups that founded American colonies and the guiding principles of each one
25. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about schools?
They should present political information according to carefully planned, schematic arrangements.
They themselves constitute part of a general sociopolitical system that adolescents are learning to understand.
If they were to introduce political subject matter in the primary grades, students would understand current political realities at an earlier age.
They are ineffectual to the degree that they disregard adolescents political naivet .
Because they are subsidiary to government their contribution to the political understanding of adolescent must be limited.
26. Which of the following best summarizes the author s evaluation of the accumulation of political knowledge by adolescents?
It is unquestionably necessary, but its significance can easily be overestimated.
It is important, but not as important as is the ability to appear knowledgeable.
It delays the necessity of considering underlying principles.
It is primarily relevant to an understanding of limited, local concerns, such as county politics.
It is primarily dependent on information gleaned from high school courses such as civics.
27. Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the author s discussion of the role of political knowledge in the formation of political ideology during adolescence?
He acknowledges its importance, but then modifies his initial assertion of that importance.
He consistently resists the idea that it is important, using a series of examples to support his stand.
He wavers in evaluating it and finally uses analogies to explain why he is indecisive.
He begins by questioning conventional ideas about its importance, but finally concedes that they are correct.
He carefully refrains from making an initial judgment about it, but later confirms its critical role.
上一篇: GRE阅读长难句中译英练习(36-40)
下一篇: GRE阅读长难句实例分析26
体坛英语资讯:Nadal beats Federer to win Madrid Masters
体坛英语资讯:Cubas Robles not to race against Liu Xiang in Shanghai
体坛英语资讯:Sergio Ramos still hoping for Real Madrid title miracle
体坛英语资讯:Tiger Woods withdraws game with neck injury
体坛英语资讯:Mano Menezes attempts to resign as head coach of Corinthians
体坛英语资讯:Barcelona extend contract for defender Gabi Milito
体坛英语资讯:FA boss resigns for World Cup bribe scandal
体坛英语资讯:Australian footballer Jake Melksham wins Rising Star nomination
体坛英语资讯:Bayern Munich receives 22nd title in Bundesliga
体坛英语资讯:FIFA to probe former English FA bosss bribery case
体坛英语资讯:Rogge says IOC to build more Olympic Youth Development Centers in the world
体坛英语资讯:Belletti of Italy seizes Tour of Italy 13th stage
体坛英语资讯:Chinas tennis player Li Na to donate all from Madrid
体坛英语资讯:China powers into Uber Cup final
体坛英语资讯:John Terry packs Chelsea with confidence
体坛英语资讯:Jankovic eases past Venus Williams in Rome
体坛英语资讯:Ronaldo worn out and uncertain about future
体坛英语资讯:Luis Fabiano to receive treatment in Brazil
体坛英语资讯:South African prisons ready for World Cup offenders
体坛英语资讯:Leo Messi wants no mistakes in final title decider
体坛英语资讯:Reigning champion Russia maintains perfect record in ice hockey worlds
体坛英语资讯:Brazil defines World Cup list
体坛英语资讯:Sao Paulo officially announces Fernandao as newest member of team
体坛英语资讯:Passion, not money, drives South African football: coach
体坛英语资讯:Bayern Munich seals double champions
体坛英语资讯:Hawks dumps coach Woodson
体坛英语资讯:Arsenal obtain Morocco striker Chamakh
体坛英语资讯:Real Madrid coach Pellegrini predicts decisive weekend in Primera Liga
体坛英语资讯:Federer, Nadal reach semis in Madrid Masters
体坛英语资讯:Reigning champion China secures group top at Thomas Cup