Except/Not 题
Except/Not 题,顾名思义,就是在题目中出现很明显的标志性的词语,如except 或者not.它的通常的提问方式是:The author provides following in the passage except? 从这一提问中,我们可以知道,出题者考查的是考生对细节题的掌握情况,选项中肯定会有一个是原文中没有提到的,而这个正是正确的答案。其他的选项都是原文中已经提到或者列举出来的。因此,在读文章的时候,一定要注意文章中列举过的事例等,所以,做标记就起着至关重要的作用。
做标记的直接目的就是为了定位。一个人纵然记忆力再好,也不可能将原文中的众多考点、关注点记得分毫不差。俗话说的好,好脑子不如烂笔头子,别在关键时刻对自己盲目自信。有些人可能会觉得读文章做标记太浪费时间,其实不然。熟练以后,记一个考点可以在一秒钟内完成,甚至可以边读边写,不另外花时间。但是在没有任何标记的情形下,回到密密麻麻的英文原文钟定位可就不知道要花多少时间了。尤其对于那些专有名词繁多、观点繁多、事物之间关系复杂的文章来说,不做笔记,即便你找到原文的描述,恐怕也难一时理清它们的关系。
特别是在解答Except/Not题中,这类题并不要求考生对文章有多深的理解,主要是考查考生是否能准确地在文中定位。遇到Except/Not题,一般地解题步骤是:
1、首先在读文章的时候,对文章中的列举处做出标记
2、按照题目,去文章中找做过的标记
3、找强对比事物特点的叙述
4、找原文中对此叙述曾明确反对或者没有提及过的东西。
下面以一个例子去说明:
Isadora Duncans masterly writings on the dance reveal the depth of her determination to create a lyric form of the art which was free of characterization, storytelling, and the theatrical exhibition of skills. She wished to discard the traditional methods and established vocabularies of such dance forms as ballet and to explore the internal sources of human expressiveness. She shunned bodily ornamentation and strove to use only the natural movements of her body, undistorted by acrobatic exaggeration and stimulated only by internal compulsion. In her recitals Duncan danced to the music of Beethoven, Wagner, and Gluck, among others, but, contrary to popular belief, she made no attempt to visualize or to interpret the music; rather, she simply relied on it to provide the inspiration for expressing inner feelings through movement. She did not regard this use of music as ideal, however, believing that she would someday dispense with music entirely. That day never came.
这篇文章属于典型的结论解释型文章。作者以这句话Isadora Duncans masterly writings on the dance reveal the depth of her determination to create a lyric form of the art which was free of characterization, storytelling, and the theatrical exhibition of skills.为开头,简明扼要地阐述了自己的结论,因此,文章的中心句即为首句。作者的结论是:伊莎多拉邓肯关于舞蹈的高超著作揭示了她想创造一种新型抒情艺术的决心之深,该艺术抛弃了人物塑造、故事情节和戏剧性的技巧表现。后面的内容是对作者结论的解释说明。掌握的文章的结构框架和行文思路,在解答问题时就容易些了。
下面是一道Except/Not题:
According to the passage, Duncan intended to develop an art form that would do all of the following EXCEPT
avoid the use of standard ballet techniques
revitalize an earlier established vocabulary
draw on internal sources of human expressiveness
create intended effects without the use of acrobatic exaggeration
derive inspiration solely from inner feelings
分析:
题目的意思是说邓肯创作的艺术不做下列哪件事情?,那么,答案的选项应该是找一个与原文叙述明确相反的观点。
A选项的说法:不使用标准芭蕾技巧。
这句话在文中的定位是She wished to discard the traditional methods and established vocabularies of such dance forms as ballet.意思是她想要丢弃传统的方法和在类似芭蕾舞这样的艺术中已确立的舞蹈语言,这句话的言外之意就是她不使用标准芭蕾技巧,所以,这种说法是正确的。
C选项的说法:利用人表达的内在因素。
这句话在文中的定位是to explore the internal sources of human expressiveness. 这句话正是C选项的表达。这样,C选项也是正确的。
D选项的说法:创造艺术效果不使用杂技性夸张。
E选项的说法:只从内心感觉激发灵感。
这两句话在原文中的定位是She shunned bodily ornamentation and strove to use only the natural movements of her body, undistorted by acrobatic exaggeration and stimulated only by internal compulsion.意思是她不用过多的形体雕琢动作而是借助于自然形体动作,不受一些杂技性夸张动作的影响而只被内心的冲动所激发,所以,D和E选项都是正确的。
B选项的说法:使一早先确立的舞蹈语言复活。 文中已经说了She wished to discard the traditional methods,即她想抛弃早先的语言。这是与原文的观点相反的说法,所以,这道题应该选B.
小结:
在Except/Not题型中,对于看不懂说什么,又好像原文提到过的选项不要一味纠缠,直接看下面的选项。因为多数时候,Except/Not题答案要比干扰选项更有特点。这类题目的答案通常不是原文明确反对过的,就是在原文中从未出现的内容,不会是模棱两可的选项。
以上是为大家介绍的GRE阅读常见的题型强对比取非题。希望考生们能认真阅读,对备考有所帮助!
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