The Central Problem of Economics
The central problem of economics is to satisfy the peoples and nations wants.
The problem we are faced with is that our resources, here identified as money, are __1__. The only way we can resolve our problem is to make choices. After looking at our resources, we must examine our list of __2__ and identify the things we need immediately, those we can postpone, and __3__ we cannot afford. As individuals, we face the central problem involved in economics-deciding just how to allocate our limited our limited resources to provide __4__ with the greatest satisfaction of our wants.
Nations face the same problem. As a countrys population ___5__, the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase, but there __6__ are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation. Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family living room, in the conference room of the corporation __7__ of directors, or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington, the basic problem still exists. We need to find __8__ of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants.
A short time ago economists divided goods into two categories, free and economic. The former, like air and water, were in __9__ abundance that economists had no concern for them. After all, economics is the __10__ of scarcity and what to do about it. Today many of these free goods are __11__ very expensive to use. Pollution has made clean air and water expensive for producers extra costs, and __12__ taxpayers who pay for the governments involvement in cleaning the environment.
In the 1990s, almost all goods are __13__. Only by effort and money __14__ obtained in the form people wish.
Meeting needs of people and the demands from resource available __15__ the basic activity of production. In trying to meet unlimited wants from limited economic goods, production leads to new problems in economics.
EXERCISE:
1. A) limited B) unlimited C) scarcity D) abundant
2. A) want B) problem C) wants D) resources
3. A) those B) some C) others D) many
4. A) them B) themselves C) ourselves D) ours
5. A) expand B) extends C) grows D) increase
6. A) always B) sometimes C) often D) never
7. A) management B) function C) board D) group
8. A) people B) economists C ) way D) methods
9. A) so B) great C) such D) such an
10. A) form B) study C) means D) source
11. A) practically B) in practice C)in reality D) practicably
12. A) the B) / C) for D) with
13. A) plentiful B) scarce C) abundant D) in full supply
14. A) they can be B) can they be C) they must be D) must they be
15. A) are led to B) leads C) lead to D) leads to
答案:
A C A C C D C D C B C C B B D
The problem with big brains 聪明大脑所带来的问题
In the blink of an eye 一眨眼之间
Loss of biodiversity affects human society 生物多样性减少给人类社会带来影响
How to live longer 怎么才能长寿
Old-school 老一套,老派
Social media sadness 社交媒体引发的悲哀
Like reality, only better? 喜欢现实, 只会更好?
Wardrobe dilemma 面对衣橱的困惑
Summer in Britain 英国夏季的节日和活动
Too much stuff 物质主义和简约主义
The future of English 未来的英语语言变化
Reunion? Count me out! 重聚? 别算上我!
Online Shopping 网上购物-英语点津
Man vs bacteria 人类对抗细菌
Need glasses? Try kale instead. 视力不好吃羽衣甘蓝试试
Closing the doors on paradise 为生态修复关闭旅游天堂岛屿
Hair and evolution 毛发和进化论
A cashless society 无现金社会
The daily commute 每天上下班
Sweat it out – in a bath! 泡热水澡等于做运动
Are you addicted to your phone? 你是不是玩手机上瘾了?
Is VR the new reality? 虚拟现实会成为现实吗?
Is a game just a game? 游戏只是游戏吗?
Lights! Camera! English! 灯光,摄像机,英语!
The last/final straw 忍无可忍,使人最终崩溃的一击
Bust a gut 拼了命地工作
In defence of shyness 为害羞的人辩护
Brain training 如何训练大脑?
To make a mountain out of a molehill 小题大做
Apple’s headphone headache? 令人头疼的新款苹果耳机