第4部分：阅读理解
阅读下面短文，短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
Natural Medicine
Since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely.
They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment.
Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured, how? By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however.
Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men experimented with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of today most serious diseases.
Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% of modern medicines come, in one way or another, from nature.
Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive. So scientists interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has become an urgent concern. This is because the earths supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly.
1. The passage indicates that ancient treatments for injury and disease were
A. much more successful than modern ones.
B. successful in all cases.
C. successful enough for humans to survive
D. of little help to humans
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Many big and modern hospitals are expensive.
B. Modern medicines are now available all over the world.
C. Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical.
D. Humans have used some kinds of medicines since earliest days.
3. It is believed by scientists that traditional medicine
A. can cure all kinds of diseases
B. are no longer useful for modern men
C. may cure some of todays most serious diseases.
D. are too cheap to be useful
4. What do the majority of the people in the world use for health care?
A. plants
B. factory-produced chemicals
C. modern medicines
D. strange and wonderful equipment
5. It can be seen from the passage that the earths supply of natural medicines
A. may never be exhausted
B. is surprisingly big
C. may be dropping rapidly
D. is as rich as ever
第二篇
Medical Education
In 18th-century colonial America, those who wanted to become physicians either learned as personal students from established professionals or went abroad to study in the traditional schools of London, Paris, and Edinburgh. Medicine was first taught formally by specialists at the University of Pennsylvania, beginning in 1765, and in 1767 at Kings College (now Columbia University), the first institution in the colonies to give the degree of doctor of medicine. Following the American Revolution, the Columbia medical faculty (formerly of Kings College) was combined with the College of Physicians and Surgeons, chartered in 1809, which survives as a division of Columbia University.
In 1893 the Johns Hopkins Medical School required all applicants to have a college degree and was the first to afford its students the opportunity to further their training in an attached teaching hospital. The growth of medical schools attached with established institutions Of learning went together with the development of proprietary (私营的) schools of medicine run for personal profit, most of which had low standards and poor facilities. In 1910 Abraham Flexner, the American education reformer, wrote Medical Education in the United States and Canada, exposing the poor conditions of most proprietary schools. Subsequently, the American Medical Association (AMA) and the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) laid. down standards for course content, qualifications of teachers, laboratory facilities, connection with teaching hospitals and licensing of medical practitioners (开业医师) that survive to this day.
By the late 1980s the U.S. and Canada had 142 4-year medical colleges recognized by the Liaison (联络) Committee on Medical Education to offer the M.D. degree; during the 1987-88 academic year, 47,262 men and 25,686 women entered these colleges and an estimated 11,752 men and 5,958 women were graduated. Graduates, after a year of internship (实习期), receive licenses to practice if they pass an examination given either by a state board or by the National Board of Medical Examiners.
6 In 18th-century America, higher institutions of learning that taught medicine
A did not exist.
B were few in number.
C were better than those in Europe.
D were known for their teaching hospitals.
7 Initially most proprietary schools of medicine in America
A had established professionals.
B had good facilities.
C had high standards.
D were in poor conditions.
8 The AMA and AAMC established standards so as to
A recruit more students.
B set up more schools of medicine.
C ensure the quality of medical teaching and practice.
D prevent medical schools from making huge profits.
9 After a year of internship medical graduates can start to practice
A if they have worked in a laboratory.
B if they have studied abroad for some time.
C if they have obtained an M.D. degree.
D if they have passed an examination.
10 This passage is mainly about
A how medicine is taught in America.
B how medical education has developed in America
C how the American educational system works.
D how one can become a good doctor.
第三篇
More Than a Ride to School
The National Education Association claims, The school bus is a mirror of the community. They further add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are right sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl.
Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesls bus driver, since kindergarten. Last year when Liesls family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence, she requested to ride the same bus.
This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus. She says, Its been a great ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when youre a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important. Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree.
Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company. Larry AIthouse, president of the company, acknowledges Bruce Hardys outstanding record: You do not come by employees like Bruce these days. He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record. He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles. Hardys reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus.
Althouse further adds, Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business with one bus. Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come.
Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed. Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy, they have been building relationships through generations. Liesls mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardys bus to the Octorara School District.
11 The word mirror in the first line could be best replaced by
A vehicle.
B device.
C need.
D reflection.
12 Bruce Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus Company
A for 30 years.
B for 70 years.
C since last year.
D since 2000.
13 Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?
A He is popular with his passengers.
B He has never missed a day of work.
C He is an impatient person.
D He has driven 350,000 accident free miles.
14 Althouse Bus Company was founded by
A Larry Althouse.
B Althouses grandfather.
C Liesls mother.
D Ashley Batista.
15 AIthouse Bus Company pays much attention to
A employing young drivers.
B running quality schools.
C providing free driving lessons.
D building sound relationships.
答案：
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C
6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. B
11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D
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