例题解析：
Inspecting a used car文章中复杂句子分析：
1. Andrew Bleakley, evaluator-inspector, runs a mobile vehicle inspection service in Montreal.
2. In his 10 years as a professional inspector, Bleakly has seen a lot.
3. If they are very worn, or the door doesnt close well, the car may have been used as a taxi.
4. Holes in the roof could mean the car was used for deliveries.
5. Note that leaks are not necessarily a significant problem it depends on the cause.
6. Resellers know people check these details and can buy new pads for around $ 6.
7. Copy down the vehicle identification number , a 17-character combination of numbers and letters, from the vehicles dashboard.
passage 1
Inspecting a used car
The scariest part of buying a used car is not being completely sure of what condition its in.A car thats been in a major accident is always a bigger risk，but sellers often try to hide this information.Andrew Bleakley, evaluator-inspector, runs a mobile vehicle inspection service in Montreal.For about$80 he will perform a full, unbiased inspection on a used vehicle.In his 10 years as a professional inspector, Bleakley has seen a lot.He warns, Watch out for dealer demonstration vehicles which are used.not new.They may have been in a collision.He adds mat it is not uncommon in Ontario and Quebec especially for unscrupulous sellers to roll back the odometer or to even disengage it.Bleakley has special tools to check for this.
Blealdey always recommends hiring an independent technician to inspect the condition of a used car before you buy it.The problem is finding someone qualified to do the inspection，which he says generally doesnt mean just any mechanic，A thorough mechanical inspection includes checking the compression，all major systems，including the engine，electrical and charging systems，transmission and drive line，fluids，brakes，suspension，and steering.Essential，too，is all inspection of the cars body and finally a road test.There are，however a few things everyone can do before buying a used car：
Do a visual check of the car.Look at the right rear door hinges.If they are very worn.Or the door doesnt close well，the car may have been used as a taxi.Holes in the roof could mean the car was used for deliveries.
Check for oil 1eaks on the pavement.Note that 1eaks are not necessarily a significant problemit depends on the cause.
Dont assume that new-looking brake and accelerator pedals mean the car hasnt been driven much.Resellers know people check these details and call buy new Pads for around $6.
Copy down the vehicle identification number, a 17-character combination of numbers and letters，from the vehicles dashboard.In Ontario，ask the dealer or seller for the Used Vehicle Information Package.this gives details of previous owners，any outstanding liens on the car, and the fair market value of the vehicle.
练习：
1. According to the passage，in buying a second-hand vehicle it is most important to know
A)how long it has been used.
B)what color it is.
C)whether it has been in a collision.
D)whether it leaks oil.
2. All of the following are mentioned as tricks which dishonest second-hand Car dealers may play upon their customers EXCEPT
A)To re-Paint the car
B)To roll back the odometer.
C)T0 replace the old pedal.
D)T0 disengage the odometer.
3. An independent technician in the first sentence of the second paragraph means
A)a technician who checks a car free of charge.
B)a technician who learned his trade all by himself.
C)a technician who works for a particular car-dealer.
D)a technician who runs his own inspection service.
4.According to Bleakley, before buying a used Car all the inspection work Can
A)be done by a mechanic together with the dealer.
B)only be done by a qualified mechanic.
C)be done by the buyer himself.
D)be done by a qualified mechanic together with the buyer.
5. According to the passage，from which of the following Call the buyer obtain reliable
information of the previous owner?
A)The vehicle identification number.
B)The unbiased inspector.
C)The second.hand car dealer.
D)The Used Vehicle Information Package.
文章主题分析：Inspecting a used car
The scariest part of buying a used car is not being completely sure of what condition its in.
Bleakley always recommends hiring an independent technicians to inspect the condition of a used car before you buy it.
从上面的句子可以知道文章主要内容讲述在购买车之前检查二手车
直接解题：
1. According to the passage, in buying a second-hand vehicle it is most important to know
A. how long it has been used
B. what color it is
C. whether it has been in a collision
D. whether it leaks oil
1. C。分析：利用题干中出现的修饰词most important作为答案线索，同时注意被选项中的核心词/特征词：how long，what color，collision，leaks oil, 这样发现答案相关句：The scariest part of buying a used car is not being completely sure of what condition its in. A car thats been in a major accident is always a bigger risk, but sellers often try to hide this information. 这两个句子说最担心的是关于汽车的状况，是否遇到过大事故是一个更大的风险，因此判断C是答案。
2. All of the following are mentioned as tricks which dishonest second-hand car dealers may play upon their customers except
A. to re-paint the car
B. to roll back the odometer(里程表)
C. to replace the old pedal
D. to disengage (松开)the odometer
2. A，分析：句子大意：下列哪项不是不诚实的二手车经销商对顾客玩的诡计。利用题干中出现的核心词second-hand car dealers和tricks作为答案线索，同时注意被选项中出现的核心词/特征词：re-paint，odometer， old pedal， disengage odometer，这样发现答案相关句：He warns, Watch out for dealer demonstration vehicles which are used, not new. They may have been in a collision. He adds that it is not uncommon in Ontario and Quebec especially for unscrupulous sellers to roll back the odometer or even disengage it.该句说不道德的经销商把里程表往回拨，甚至松开里程表是常事因此判断B和D不是答案。(第5段) Dont assume that new-looking brake and accelerator pedals mean the car hasnt been driven much. 该句说不要认为看起来新的刹车和加速器踏板意味着汽车没用多久，因此推断出经销商可能会更换旧的踏板。因此A是答案。
3. All independent technician in the first sentence of the second paragraph means
A. a technician who checks a car free of charge
B. a technician who learned his trade all by himself
C. a technician who works for a particular car-dealer
D. a technician who runs his own inspection service
3. D。分析：利用题干中引号中的结构作为答案线索，同时注意被选项中的核心词/特征词：free of charge， learned all by himself，works for a particular car-dealer， runs his own inspection service， 直接找到答案相关句：Beakley always recommends hiring an independent technician to inspect the conditions of a used car before you buy it. The problem is finding someone qualified to do the inspection, which he says generally doesnt mean just any mechanic. A thorough mechanical inspection includesThere are, however, a few things everyone can do before buying a used car.以上的句子是说技师是独立的，有资格的 ，而划线句没有再谈论到技师， 因此判断D是答案。
4. According to Berkley, before buying a used car all the inspection work can
A. be done by a mechanic together with the dealer
B. only be done by a qualified mechanic
C. be done by the buyer himself
D. be done by a qualified mechanic together with the buyer
4. D。分析：利用题干中出现的特征结构before buying a used car作为答案线索，同时注意到被选项中出现了There are, however, a few things everyone can do before buying a used car. 在该句的后面看见了这样的句子：Do a visual check of the car. Look at the right rear door hinges在该句的前面看见了这样的句子：Beakley always recommends hiring an independent technician to inspect the conditions of a used car before you buy it. The problem is finding someone qualified to do the inspection, which he says generally doesnt mean just any mechanic. A thorough mechanical inspection includes以上句子暗示需要一个机械师，因此判断D是答案。
5. According to the passage, from which of the following can be buyer obtain reliable information of the previous owner?
A. the vehicle identification number
B. the unbiased inspector
C. the second hand car inspector
D. the used vehicle information package
5. D。分析：利用题干中的核心结构reliable information of the previous owner作为答案线索，同时注意被选项中出现的核心/特征结构，这样发现答案相关句：In Ontario, ask the dealer or seller for the Used Vehicle Information Package. This gives details of previous owners, any outstanding liens(留置权) on the car, and the fair market value of the vehicle. 该题的考点在于考察代词This的指代内容：This指代前面的the Used Vehicle Information Package(旧车信息包)，所以答案是D。
Passage 2
Pushbike(自行车) Peril (危险)
Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure--or even kill--children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer.
Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that mol-e than a third were caused by bicycle accidents.the task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures. she says.
By interviewing the children and their parents，Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed，causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90degreesbut their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground，ramming it into their abdomen.
The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact，The group hopes to commercialize the device，which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of the problem，says Arbogast.
The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design A decision is expected later this year.
词汇：
handlebar n车把
abdominal adj 腹部的
redesign v 重新设计
bioengineer n 生物工程师
reconstruct vt.重建;重构
countermeasure n 对策
abdomen n 膜，腹部
momentum n冲力
handgrip n握柄
damping adj 制动的.减速的，缓冲的
commercialize vt 使商品化
练习：
1 According to the passage，SOme engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because
A)they are not noble enough，
B)they may kill children
C)they are likely to crash
D)they make the bike move at a low speed
2 In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries
A)to discuss how abdominal injuries in children occur,
B)to show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidents.
C)to point out what the countermeasures can be.
D)to tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project.
3 Paragraph 3 mainly discusses
A)why the children and their parents were interviewed
B)when the children tom the handlebars through 90 degrees，
C)what causes the children to topple over
D)how serious injuries occur.
4 The passage implies that
A)it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design.
B)the team of engineers has not found any countermeasures
C)children like to ride bicycles at a very low speed.
D)a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years.
5 The new handgrip works in which of the following ways?
A)It call be commercialized.
B)It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents
C)It adds a few dollars to the cost of a bike
D)It changes the direction of the handlebars in all impact.
1. 文章标题分析：Pushbike Peril
2. 直接解题：
1. According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars(车把) because
A. they are not noble enough
B. they may kill children
C. they are likely to crash
D. they make the bike move at a low speed
1.B. 分析：借助常识判断A不是答案;利用题干中的核心词engineers 和handlebars作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure or even kill children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars. So a team of engineers is redesigning handlebar in a bid to make it safer. 划线句说车把手不安全会严重的伤害孩子，甚至杀死孩子，所以工程师们参加了竞标对车把进行重新设计，以使其更加安全
2. In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries
A.to discuss how abdominal injures in children occur.
B.To show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accident
C.To point out what the countermeasures can be
D. To tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project.
3. Paragraph 3 mainly discusses
A. why the children and their parents were interviewed
B. when the children turn the handlebars through 90 degrees
C. what causes the children to topple over(颠翻)
D. how serious injuries occur
3.D.分析：因为上段中提到了研究的目的是辨别受伤是怎样产生的，并想出一些应对措施，因此推断C和D可能是答案。而该段的第1句 概述了全段的大意：By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injuries.而接下来的句子也是在具体说他们如何进行的实验They discovered thatTo maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degree--The bike then falls over and..
4. The passage implies that
A it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design
B. the team of engineers has not found any countermeasures
C. children like to ride bicycles at a very low speed
D a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years
4.A. 分析;该题问及从文章中能够推断出什么来，在论述文中往往在文章的开头和/或结尾处传递出文章的中心/观点，因此注意文章结尾：The team has also approached the US consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design.(该句表明B错误) A decision is expected later this year. 该句说试图说服制造商，因此推测出说服制造商不是一件容易的事情。
5. The new handgrip(手柄) works in which of the following ways?
A.it can be commercialized
B.it reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents
C.it adds a few dollars to the cost of a bike
D.it changes the direction of the handlebars in an impact
5.分析：根据解答前面问题获取的信息：--伤害孩子的是把手的末断，因此推断B和D可能是答案。利用题干中的核心词handgrip作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 percent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. 这两个句子说手柄的弹簧能吸收在碰撞中通过把手而传递过来的50%的伤害力，因此判断B是答案。
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