2015年职称英语考试理工类的阅读理解讲义(5)

　　Experts Call for Local and Regional Control

　　1. The withdrawal of Nevadas Yucca Mountain as a potential nuclear waste repository1 has reopened the debate over how and where to dispose of spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste. In an article in the July 10 issue of Science, University of Michigan2 geologist Rodney Ewing and Princeton University3 nuclear physicist Frank von Hippel argue that, although federal agencies should set standards and issue licenses for the approval of nuclear facilities, local communities and states should have the final approval on the siting of these facilities. The authors propose the development of multiple sites that would service the regions where nuclear reactors are located.

　　3. Ewing and yon Hippel also analyze the reasons why Yucca Mountain, selected by Congress4 in 1987 as the only site to be investigated for long-term nuclear waste disposal, finally was shelved5 after more than three decades of often controversial debate. The reasons include the sites geological problems, management problems, important changes in the Environmental Protection Agencys standard, unreliable funding and the failure to involve local communities in the decision-making process.

　　回指

　　词汇：

　　shelve v.搁置

　　controversial adj.有争议的

　　reactor n.反应堆，反应器

　　注释：

　　2. University of Michigan：美国密歇根大学，建于 1817 年。

　　4. Congress: 美国国会，美国最高立法机关，由参议院和众议院组成。

　　6. spent nuclear fuel：也叫做 used nuclear fuel，一般译为乏核燃料。

　　8. geological repositories in a variety of rock types：各种不同岩层中的地质处置 库。geological repositories 指的是地表以下 300～1500 米的稳定的地质体中建造的 用于最终处置高放废物和乏核燃料的工程设施。处置库是一个多重屏障系统，工程屏障由废物体、废物罐、外包装和缓冲回填材料组成，而天然屏障则是能有效阻滞放射性核 素迁移的地质体，包括花岗岩、粘土岩、凝灰岩和岩盐等。许多专家认为地质处置是安 全的，技术上是可行的，对环境是无害的。

　　取消，撤销 1行

　　1. Which of the following words can best substitute the word withdrawal in the first paragraph?

　　2.直查英汉

　　A.Retirement. 退休

　　C.Replaced. 代替，替换

　　信息词

　　A.should be approved by the federal government.

　　C.should be approved by Congress.

　　信息词

　　A.Yucca Mountain was selected as the only site for a nuclear waste repository.

　　C.The decision by Congress was put aside due to a number of problems.

　　4. What does the author of the essay in the fourth paragraph want to say?

　　B.Efforts should be made to develop as many nuclear disposal sites in the US as possible.

　　D.Efforts should be made to build up temporary nuclear disposal sites as possible.

　　四段最后 四段3行

　　B.Geological repositories are located in a variety of rock types.

　　D.Waste disposal sites are located far away from reactors.

　　1. B withdrawal 是个多义词，在句子中的意思是撤销或中止。

　　3. D 第三段的第一个句子包含了 A、B 和 C 所述内容。

　　5. A This regional approach 的意思是：地域性方法，指的是前一段中所表述的内容， 即，地方政府应当考虑当地的特殊环境，对核废物的处置地选择负责。B、C 和 D 的表述内容都是错误理解。