First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, an unobstructed airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victims condition from worsening and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victims needs and providers level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal injury and paralysis.
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured persons family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for medical bracelet or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victims condition is known by the acronym ABC, which stands for:
A- Airway: is it open and unobstructed?
B- Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C- Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
Once obvious injuries have been evaluated, the injured persons head should be kept in a neutral position in line with the body. If no evidence exists to suggest potential skull or spinal injury, place the injured person in a comfortable position. Positioned on one side, a victim can vomit without choking or obstructing the airway.
1. It is very important in first aid to
A) move the injured person from the scene of accident immediately.
B) spend a few minutes for making the difference between recovery and death.
C) know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim.
D) remove the medical bracelet or card from the victim.
2. One of the following practices is NOT right in the first aid, that is,
A) to check whether the victim is breathing.
B) to let the victim lie on one side.
C) to telephone a hospital at once.
D) to wait patiently for more skillful medical treatment before carrying on first aid.
3. The article implies that the provider of first aid should be especially careful
A) in handing the victim only if he learns that the victim has both diabetes and heart trouble.
B) in handing the victim if he learn that the victim has diabetes or heart trouble.
C) not to move the victim if he finds a medical bracelet on the victim.
D) not to move the victim if he finds the accident scene to be unsafe.
4. According to this article, first aid is usually provided by
A) professional doctors.
B) the victims family members.
C) the victims friends.
D) those people who are not necessarily professional doctors.
5. This article can be said to be one to
A) give basic knowledge about how to practice first aid.
B) give a brief introduction to the history of first aid.
C) give some knowledge to anyone who may be injured in an accident.
D) give warning that first aid is dangerous to those who do not know to do it.
Key: CDBDA
Different types of hats 各种帽子的英文说法
Teenager, adolescent, kid and child 英语中“孩子”的几种说法
Appreciate 和 recognise 之间的区别
Dangerous heartbeat, Spike Lee and the Oscars 危险的心跳,斯派克·李抵制奥斯卡
Ebola outbreak and brain injuries 埃博拉疫情,脑部创伤
Improving your vocabulary 增加词汇量
Chinwag 闲谈-英语点津
Double, treble, triple, quadruple 英语中表示倍数的单词
Distinct 和 distinctive 之间的区别
Different types of ‘tissue’ 不同种类的“纸巾”
Accountability, liability and responsibility 的区别
Acknowledge and admit 两个表示“承认”单词的区别
In one ear and out the other 左耳进,右耳出
Barrier, hurdle, impediment, hindrance 四个表示“障碍”单词的区别
Solar superpower, female commander and hospital demolished 太阳能超级大国,女海军司令官和著名医院化为废墟
Ten a penny 多得遍地都是
Shade or shadow? “阴”和“影”的区别
Take part in, join in, participate, attend 四个表示“参加”的单词或短语
Greetings after a short break 小别后的问候
Limit 和 restrict 的区别
Restrain 和 constrain 的区别
Retailer, wholesaler, distributor, outlet 几个词的区别和用法
Simple, innocent, naive, pure 四个近义词的区别
Objective and purpose 目标和目的
Angelina Jolie to divorce, Karaoke star at 80 安吉丽娜·朱莉提出离婚申请,八十岁老人出唱片
Commend 和 recommend 的区别
Parcel, sack, box 包裹类词语
Distinguished 和 distinguishable 之间的区别
Zika virus, Rare whale filmed in Australia 寨卡病毒传播风险,澳大利亚拍到罕见鲸鱼影像
Infer vs conclude 两个易混词