练习:
1 .Why are ants compared to ecosystem engineers? 为什么蚂蚁叫生态系统工程师?
A Because they build their own nests. 因为他们建立自己的巢。
B Because they collect food. 因为他们收集食物。
C Because their activity affects the environment. 因为他们的活动影响环境。
D Because they are predators. 因为它们是掠食者。
2. As predators, ants作为食肉动物,蚂蚁
A prey on small as well as large animals. 捕食小型以及大型动物。
B collect nutritious food from the soil收集的土壤营养食品
C collect food as decomposers. 收集食物分解。
D prey on species much higher up the food chain. 捕食物种更高的食物链。
3. Dir Sanders study centered on how ants迪尔桑德斯的研究集中在如何蚂蚁
A can manage to thrive in huge numbers. 经营蓬勃发展,大量。
B defend their resources and territory against other predators. 捍卫自己的资源和领土对其他食肉动物。
C attack those invading animals for survival. 攻击入侵的动物生存。
D produce such a big impact on the environment. 产生这样一个大环境影响。
4. What does paragraph 6 tell us? 6段告诉我们什么?
A Ants bring about a negative influence to an area when their population is small. 蚂蚁带来负面影响的地区时,他们的人口小。
B Ants bring about a positive influence to an area when their population is small. 蚂蚁带来积极影响的地区,其人口的小。
C Ants predation counteracts the positive influence they may have on an area. 蚂蚁捕食抵消了积极的影响,他们可能对一个地区。
D At higher density, ants produce a positive influence on an area. 在高密度,蚂蚁产生积极影响的地区。
5. What still remains unclear about ants, according to the last paragraph? 什么仍然不清楚蚂蚁,根据最后一段?
A What roles do ants play in the ecosystem in which they live? 做什么样的角色打蚂蚁在生态系统中生活
B How do ants affect the animal diversity in a given ecosystem? 蚂蚁是如何影响动物的多样性在一个特定的生态系统?
C How do human activities affect ants influence on a given ecosystem? 人类活动怎样影响蚂蚁的影响某一特定的生态系统?
D How do ants alter the physical and chemical environment? 蚂蚁是如何改变的物理和化学环境?
答案与题解:
1. C 短文的第一段提供了答案。A不是正确答案,因为并不是因为蚂蚁会筑巢才被誉为生态系统工程师,而是因为它们筑巢和获取食物的方式改变了土壤的营养水平,为整个食物链提供了很好的生态环境。
2.A答案能够从短文的第三段直接找到。该段告诉我们,蚂蚁的掠食范围很广,甚至包括比它们体积更大的动物 。 prey 在这里的意思是捕猎,捕食,作为动词,后面跟介词on或upon。
3.D Dirk Sanders说:In this research, we studied for the first time how big this impact is and the
subtleties of it.所以,D是正确选择。句中the subtleties of it 的意思是:蚂蚁对环境影响的精妙之处。
4.B 短文第六段第二句的大概意思是,蚂蚁数量小的话,能使其他动物的品种和数量增加,从而给环境带来积极影响;第三句说,如果蚂蚁的数量大,就不可能产生同样的影响,或者是相反的影响,这表明,蚂蚁的掠食活动会抵销蚂蚁给环境带来的积极影响。第七段Dr Frank van Veen 表达了大体相同的内容。
5.C 最后一段的第二和第三句提供了答案。第二句告诉我们,蚂蚁极易受人类的影响,第三句告诉我们,科学家还不清楚人类对蚂蚁这种干扰如何破坏蚂蚁对生态系统的维护作用。
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