职称英语卫生类考试考前每日一练(15)

　　职称英语卫生类考试考前每日一练

　　阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

　　Heart Attack

　　In the United States, and especially in big cities and rural areas, tens of thousands of people with hearts that should be good 51 to keep them alive die each year for lack of ad-equate first aid. In New York City, for example, a new study has shown that only one person in 100 outside of hospitals 52 after the heart suddenly stops pumping. In con-trast, in Seattle, the survival 53 after such heart attacks is one in five.

　　The difference can be traced 54 the effectiveness of the chain of survival, Dr. Jo-seph P. Ornato said. Each link in the 55 must be strong enough for many lives to be 56.

　　The chain begins with an immediate telephone 57 for emergency help and the start within four minutes of the process needed for restarting the 58 working, by a family member or bystander . It continues with the prompt arrival within eight 59 ten minutes of a rescuer equipped with a special instrument that can shock the heart back to a normal rhythm. And it ends with the administration of advanced emergency care by nurses to maintain the heart s ability to survive until the doctors at the hospitals take 60 .When one or more links in this chain fail or function too slowly, the 61 of a victim survi-ving heart attack falls rapidly. Becauseof widespread weaknesses in the chain of 62 , ex-perts in emergency heart care estimate that 20,000 to 80,000 people 63 needlessly of heart attack each year, a number comparable to the 55,000 killed annually in automobile 64.

　　One expert says, Sending an emergency vehicle to a heart attack victim 65 the spe-cial equipment is like having policemen with guns but no bullets. They may put on a good show, but they lack the weapon needed to get the job done.

　　51. A. much B. enough C. many D. too

　　52. A. dies B. stops C. survives D. wakes

　　53. A. speed B. thing C. people D. rate

　　54. A. to B. at C. from D. on

　　55. A. list B. process C..step D. chain

　　56. A. saved B. taken (2. born D. accepted

　　57. A. number B. call C. line D. worker

　　58. A. person B. brain C. heart D. body

　　59. A. by B. to C. and D. toward

　　60. A. over B. about C. on D. out

　　61. A. cause B. start C. event D. chance

　　62. A. survival B. luck C. help D. death

　　63. A. live B. die C. survive D. come

　　64. A. production B. incidents C. accidents D. troubles

　　65. A. without B. at C. with D. by

　　参考译文

　　心脏病

　　在美国，尤其是在大城市和农村地区，每年都有成千上万的人尽管心脏足够健康，能够维持生命，但却因为缺少恰当的急救而死去。例如，在纽约市，一项新的研究表明，在医院外面发生心脏突然停跳情况的100个人当中，只有一个能够幸免于死。相比之下，在西雅图，这类心脏病发作的生存率是1/5。 这一差异源于生命急救链是否有效，约瑟夫 P 奥纳多医生说，要拯救众多的生命，这个链的每个环节都必须足够牢固。

　　这个链的开端是由家庭成员或身边的人立即打电话请求紧急救助，并在4分钟内开始进行使心脏重新跳动的操作程序。随后，救护人员必须在八到十分钟之内赶到，用特殊设备把心脏震回到正常的跳动频率。最后，由护士进行高级急救管理，维持心脏存活的能力，直到医院的医生接手。如果这个链中的一个或多个环节脱节或者反应太慢，心脏病发作的病人生存的几率就大大减小了。由于生命急救链中普遍存在的弱点，紧急心脏救助的专家估计，每年有2万到8万人心脏病发作时本来可以生存下来，但却死去，这个数字与每年死于交通事故的5.5万人相近。

　　一位专家称：给心脏病发作的病人派出紧急救护车但却不带专门设备，就像警察带了枪却没有子弹一样。他们可能会上演一场好戏，但是他们缺乏完成工作所必需的武器。