①所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中.
②表示状态的谓语动词,如:last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、last、look like、consist to等.
③表示归属的动词,如have、own、belong to等.
④表示希望、意图的动词,如:wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等.
⑤宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态,不能用被动语态.
⑥宾语是同源宾语,不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态.
⑦有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义,特别是当主语是物时,常见的动词有sell、write、wash、open、lock等.
主动形式表被动意义.
①当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时;当cut、read、sell、wear、write等词带状语修饰语时;当动词表示开始、结束、关、停、转、启动等意义时.
This kind of cloth washes easily.这种布易洗.
These novels wont sell well.这些小说不畅销.
My pen writes smoothly.我的钢笔写起来很流畅.
The door wont lock.门锁不上.
The fish smells good.鱼闻起来香.
②当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示发生、关闭、制定等意思时.
The plan worked out successfully.
The lamps on the wall turn off.
③want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义.
④be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义.
⑤在be + 形容词 + to do中,不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语,用主动代被动.
This kind of water isnt fit to drink.
The girl isnt easy to get along with.
另外:be to blame,be to rent也用主动形式表被动.