BBC新闻讲解附字幕:水果,蔬菜和疾病

Fruit and Veg and Serious Illness 水果、蔬菜和疾病

Five-a-Day 'No Benefit' 每日五份没效果

One of the most commonly-held beliefsregardinghealth and nutrition in the UK has been found to beuntrue, according to a new scientific study.

For many years British people have beenrecommended to eat at least 'five-a-day' – that is five items of fruit or vegetables every day in order to improve their health and reduce the likelihood of illness,in particularcancer.

The recommendation was firstput forwardin 1990 by the World Health Organization which said that the 'five-a-day' diet could prevent cancer and other chronic diseases.

Since then the advice has been amainstayof public health policies in many developed countries, such as the UK, where the population eat a highproportionof junk food.

Many health campaigns havepromoted the advice, and indeed much food packaging in Britain states how the contents willconstitutepart of your five-a-day.

However, a study of 500,000 Europeans from 10 different countriesrefutes the commonly-believed suggestion that up to 50% of cancers could be prevented by increasing the public's consumption of fruit and vegetables.

Instead the study, which is led by researchers from a well-respected New York medical school, estimates that only 2.5% of cancers could beaverted by eating more fruit and veg.

It seems that the key to avoiding cancers is to have an overall healthy lifestyle which includes not smoking or drinking a lot of alcohol, taking exercise and avoiding obesity.

But medical charities havespoken outto remind people that diet is an important factor in staying healthy, and that even a 2.5% reduction in cancers is still a positive step.

Cancer Research UK said: "It's still a good idea to eat your five-a-day but remember that fruits and vegetables are pieces in a much larger lifestyle jigsaw."

一份新的科学研究表明，英国人关于健康和营养方面的一个最普遍的信仰是错误的。

多年来，英国人一直被推荐“每日五份”——每天吃五份水果蔬菜该改善健康状况，减少患病的可能性，尤其是癌症。

该建议首次由世界卫生组织在1990年提出。该组织表示，“每日五份”的饮食可以预防癌症和其他慢性疾病。

自那时起，该建议成为许多发达国家公共健康政策的支柱，例如英国，这个国家的人口饮食中垃圾食品的比例非常高。

许多健康运动也开始推行给建议。实际上，英国许多食品包装都注明这些食品可以构成你的“每日五份”的一部分。

该建议称，通过增加对蔬菜和水果的消费，50%的癌症可以预防。然而，对十个不同国家500,000名欧洲人进行的一项研究驳斥了这种观点。

这份研究由纽约一所受人尊重的医学院领导进行。该研究估计，只有2.5%的癌症可以通过食用更多水果和蔬菜避免。

似乎避免癌症的关键是拥有全面健康的生活方式，包括不吸烟，不酗酒，多运动，避免肥胖。

但是医疗慈善机构提醒大家，饮食是保持健康的重要因素，即使将患癌症的可能性降低2.5%也是非常积极的。

英国癌症研究机构表示：“每日五份仍然很好，但是记住，蔬菜水果仅仅是更大的生活方式拼图的一部分。”

1.regarding prep.(表示论及)关于; 至于; 就…而论

例句：Regarding John, I will write to him at once.
至于约翰, 我将立即给他写信。

Regarding the punishment, what would you advise?
关于处罚, 你有何意见?

2.untrue adj.不真实的, 假的

例句：His statement is completely untrue.
他的话完全是在撒谎。

3.recommend vt.推荐, 介绍, 赞许某人[某事物]

例句：Can you recommend a classmate who can take up the job?
你能不能推荐一位能承担这项工作的同学?

4.mainstay n.主要支持者〔物〕 , 支柱;骨干

例句：Agriculture is still the mainstay of the country’s economy.
农业仍然是这个国家经济的主要支柱。

5.proportion n.部分; 份儿; 份额

例句：A large proportion of the children come to school by bus.
很大一部分儿童乘公共汽车上学。

6.promote v.〈正〉促进; 推动; 增进

例句：The organization works to promote the trade between nations.
该组织旨在促进各国之间的贸易。

7.constitute vt.构成, 组成

例句：Twelve months constitute a year.
12个月为一年。

8.refute vt.驳斥, 驳倒

例句：They refuted his wrong idea.
他们批驳了他的错误观点。

9.avert vt.防止, 避免

例句：He managed to avert suspicion.
他设法避嫌。

1.For many years British people have been recommended to eat at least 'five-a-day' – that is five items of fruit or vegetables every day in order to improve their health and reduce the likelihood of illness, in particular cancer.

Recommend作动词，意思是”劝告；建议；介绍：推荐”。作“劝告“或”建议”讲时，常构成短语：recommenddoingsth.／recommendsb.todosth.／recommendsbsth.，如Irecommendyoutodowhathesays.我劝你照他说的去做。Irecommendbuyingthisdictionary.我建议买这本字典。Canyourecommendhimtothemanager?你能把他推荐给经理吗?注意.类似recommend这样一些具有“命令、要求、建议“等含义的动词.如后接宾语从句，则从句的谓语动词用动词原形或“should do／be”。常见的这类动词还有：suggest、demand、insist、order、command、advise、request、require、propose等。

in order to为了...

例句：Had to quit the gathering in order to Be home By midnight.
为了能在午夜前到家不得不离开聚会。

in particular尤其, 特别

例句：She likes fruit and tomatoes in particular.
她喜欢水果, 尤其是西红柿。

2.The recommendation was first put forward in 1990 by the World Health Organization which said that the 'five-a-day' diet could prevent cancer and other chronic diseases.

put forward提出

例句：He put forward a plan for the committee to consider.
他提出一项计划交由全体委员审议。

相当于come up with想出, 提出

例句：I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.
我希望你们能提出一个比这个更好的计划。

3.However, a study of 500,000 Europeans from 10 different countries refutes the commonly-believed suggestion that up to 50% of cancers could be prevented by increasing the public's consumption of fruit and vegetables.

suggestion that up to……that引导的是同位语从句，指代的是suggestion。

up to多达

例句：I can take up to four people in my car.
我的汽车最多能坐四个人。

4.But medical charities have spoken out to remind people that diet is an important factor in staying healthy, and that even a 2.5% reduction in cancers is still a positive step.

speak out毫无保留地说出

例句：If you have any objections, just speak out.
如果你有什么反对意见, 就爽快地说出来。

I am going to speak out against the committee's decision.
我打算直言反对委员会的决定。