BBC新闻讲解附字幕:加州州长宣布大幅削减支出

BBC News with Sue Montgomery

President Obama has led the United States in a moment's silence to honour the victims of Saturday's shooting in Arizona. A single belltolled for the six people who were killed and for the Democratic congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, who was critically wounded. From Washington, Paul Adams.

The president and his wife Michelle stood heads bowed on the South Lawn of the White House. There were no words, and after a minute they returned inside. A little over a mile away, on the east steps of the Capitol building, hundreds of congressional staffers stood out in the freezing air in their own mark of respect. Speaking later before talks with the visiting French President Nicolas Sarkozy, Mr Obama spoke of the courage displayed by some at the scene of the shooting.

The former Republican majority leader of the US House of Representatives, Tom DeLay, has received a three-year prison term for conspiracy. He was also given a five-year suspended sentence for money laundering. Mr DeLay was convicted in November ofchannelling corporate donations to Republican election candidates in Texas in 2002.

The Organisation of American States is reported to have recommended that the governing party candidate in Haiti's disputed presidential election should be dropped from the run-off vote.Provisional results put Jude Celestin second in the first round to the former first lady. But diplomatic sources say OAS monitors found the opposition candidate Michel Martelly won more votes. James Read reports.

The results of the first round of Haiti's presidential election in Novemberprovoked violent protests by supporters of pop star Michel Martelly, who insists he, and not Jude Celestin, came second.Amid rising tension, the OAS was asked to review the vote count. Its report has not yet been made public, but diplomatic sources say it foundin favour ofMr Martelly.

The Tunisian government has announced that all schools and universities will be closed until further notice because of the wave of protests over unemployment, the biggest to hit the country in decades. At least 14 people have been killed by police. Opposition sources put the numbersignificantlyhigher. Here's Chloe Arnold.

Schools and universities across Tunisia are set to close from Tuesday as the government launches an investigation into who's responsible for more than three weeks of unrest. Protesters, most of them young people, have staged rallies across the country, demanding better employment opportunities and greater freedom. The riots began almost a month ago, the greatest threat the country's seen to President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, who's kept a tight rein for 23 years.

At least 30 people have been killed in clashes in the disputed central Sudanese region of Abyei as the people of the south continue to vote in a referendum on possible independence. Oil-rich Abyei iscoveted by both the north and the south.

World News from the BBC

A week after taking office, the new Democrat Governor of California, Jerry Brown, has announced deep spending cuts. Mr Brown inherited a $28bn budget deficit. The budget proposal must be agreed by the state legislature. Peter Bowes reports from Los Angeles.

Jerry Brown says he plans toslashspending by more than $12bn. The cuts will include an 8%-10% reduction in take-home pay for most state workers. The governor acknowledged that the cuts would be painful, but he said they had no choice. "For 10 years," he said, "we've had budget gimmicks and tricks that have pushed the state deep into debt." Governor Brown added that he'd planned aradicalrestructuring of state government. He said it was time to return California to fiscal responsibility.

The trial has begun in the United States of theveteranCuban opposition militant and former CIA agent, Luis Posada Carriles. He is accused of lying to US immigration officials. Mr Posada Carriles is wanted in Venezuela and Cuba over several deadly bomb attacks and plots to kill the former Cuban President Fidel Castro. Cuba and Venezuela have repeatedly accused Washington of harbouring a convicted terrorist.

The Spanish government has rejected the latest ceasefire declaration made by the Basque separatist organisation Eta. The Interior Minister Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba said the offer didn't go far enough, and that only Eta's completedisbandmentwould be acceptable. He also dismissed Eta's new proposal that the international community shouldverifythe ceasefire.

"The only statement from the terrorist gang Eta that we want to read is that Eta announces the end and that it does it in a definite and irreversible manner."

Eta has made five previous ceasefire declarations.

BBC News

奥巴马总统领导美国人进行默哀，悼念周六亚利桑那州枪击案的受害者，并为6名遇难者和受重伤的国会民主党女议员吉福兹(Gabrielle Giffords)鸣钟。Paul Adams在华盛顿报道。

奥巴马和第一夫人米歇尔低头肃立在白宫南草坪上，他们默默地站立着，一分钟后回到室内。一英里外国会大厦东面的台阶上，数百名国会职员站在凛冽的寒冬中表达自己的哀悼。与访问美国的法国总统萨科齐进行对话之前，奥巴马总统赞扬了枪击案现场人们表现出的勇气。

美国众议院前共和党多数派领袖汤姆·迪莱(Tom DeLay)因自己的阴谋被判处三年的监禁。他还因为洗钱罪被判处五年缓刑。11月份，迪莱被判在2002年挪用企业为得克萨斯共和党候选人捐赠的资金。

据报道，美洲国际组织建议海地有争议的总统选举执政党候选人不应该参加第二轮投票。临时结果宣布汝德·塞莱斯廷(Jude Celestin)在第一轮投票中落在前第一夫人之后。但是外交部消息来源称，美洲国际组织监督员发现反对派候选人米歇尔·马尔泰利(Michel Martelly)赢得了更多选票。James Read报道。

海地11月份总统选举第一轮投票结果引发了流行歌星米歇尔·马尔泰利(Michel Martelly)的支持者的暴力抗议，他们坚持称，排在第二位的是马尔泰利，而不是汝德·塞莱斯廷(Jude Celestin)。在不断上升的紧张形势下，美洲国际组织被要求对计票过程进行审查。该组织的报告还没有公开，但是外交消息来源称，该组织发现结果有利于马尔泰利。

突尼斯政府宣布，由于国家面临几十年来最大的反对失业的抗议风波，所有学校和大学暂时关闭，等待进一步的通知。目前至少已有14人被警方击毙。反对派消息来源则认为该数字要高的多。Chloe Arnold报道。

从周二开始，突尼斯所有学校和大学都将关闭，政府将对持续了三周以上的动荡的责任人进行调查。抗议者大部分是年轻人，他们在全国各地举行了集会，要求更好的就业机会和更多的自由。暴乱大约在一个月前开始，这是扎因·阿比丁·本·阿里(Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali)总统执政23年来国家面临的最严重的威胁。

苏丹中部有争议的阿卜耶伊地区爆发冲突，至少已有30人死亡，南苏丹人则继续对可能的独立进行投票。石油丰富的阿卜耶伊受到南北双方的觊觎。

BBC世界新闻。

加利福尼亚州新任州长杰里·布朗(Jerry Brown)执政一周后宣布了大幅削减支出计划。布朗从前任州长那里继承了280亿美元的预算赤字。该预算提案必须经过州立法机构同意。Peter Bowes在洛杉矶报道。

杰里·布朗(Jerry Brown)表示，他计划削减超过120亿美元的支出，其中包括，州政府大部分工作人员拿回家的薪资将减少8%至10%。州长承认，削减支出将会非常痛苦，但是他们别无选择。“十年来，预算中存在的欺诈和诡计使州政府深陷债务之中。”布朗州长补充说，他计划对州政府进行根本性的改组。他说，现在应该将加利福尼亚转变成为财政负责任的政府。

美国开始对经验丰富的古巴反对派好战分子，前CIA特工卡利勒斯(Luis Posada Carriles)进行审判。他被指控向美国移民官员说谎。由于几次致命的炸弹袭击和刺杀古巴前总统卡斯特罗的阴谋，卡利勒斯受到委内瑞拉和古巴的通缉。古巴和委内瑞拉多次指控美国窝藏被定罪的恐怖分子。

西班牙政府拒绝了巴斯克分裂主义组织埃塔最近宣布的停火协议。内政部长卢巴卡巴(Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba)表示，该提议不够深入，他们只接受埃塔完全解除武装。他还拒绝了埃塔最近提出的国际社会对停火程序进行确认的提议。

“我们希望看到的恐怖主义团伙埃塔发表的唯一的声明就是宣布他们停止战争，永久性地停火。”

埃塔此前曾经五次宣布停火。

1.toll vt.vi.缓慢敲响

例句：A remote bell is tolling.

远处的钟声响了。

2.channel vt.引导,开导,形成河道

3.provoke vt.激起; 惹怒;引起；引发

例句：Her constant nagging provoked him.

她不断地唠叨激怒了他。

4.significantly adv.值得注目地；显著地

例句：Most people have speech, but significantly fewer have writing.

大多数人都能说，但能写的人就少多了。

Eating a good diet significantly lessens the risk of heart disease.

良好的饮食习惯能大大减少患心脏病的机率。

5.covet vt.vi.贪求;觊觎

例句：Ther other boys coveted his new bat.

其他的男孩都想得到他的新球棒。

6.slash v.削减

例句：Price slashed!

降价了！

The shop plans to slash fur prices after Spring Festival.

该店计划在春节之后把皮货降价。

7.radical adj.根本的, 基本的; 彻底的, 完全的

例句：The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.

病人在医院得到了根治。

He made a radical change in the plan.

他对计划做了彻底的修改。

8.veteran n.经验丰富的人; 老兵

例句：The baseball veteran loved to coach young players.

这位棒球老手喜欢指导年轻选手。

9.disbandment n.解散;退伍

10.verify vt.证实, 核实

例句：All those facts verified his innocence.

这一切事实都证明他是无辜的。

1.Its report has not yet been made public, but diplomatic sources say it found in favour of Mr Martelly.

in favour of为…而征战,参加支持…的活动

例句：Are you in favour of this plan?

你赞成这一计划吗?

2.The Organisation of American States is reported to have recommended that the governing party candidate in Haiti's disputed presidential election should be dropped from the run-off vote.

虚拟语气用在 suggest, demand, insist, ask, move, advise. desire, order, propose, require, recommend, request, maintain, vote 等表示建议，命令，请求的动词后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语用 should 原形动词，但美国英语中常要省去 should 。例如：

I suggest we start at once.

They propose that you (should) read the rules carefully.

The commander ordered that the soldier fire at the enemy.

He insisted that he go there on foot.

I move that the meeting be adjourned. 我提议休会. move:(在会议上)提议，动议

3.The results of the first round of Haiti's presidential election in November provoked violent protests by supporters of pop star Michel Martelly, who insists he, and not Jude Celestin, came second. Amid rising tension, the OAS was asked to review the vote count.

insist【用法一】 v. 坚决要求；坚持要；一定要

例1：we insisted on his apology.

我们要他赔礼道歉。

例2： she insisted on seeing us home.

她坚持要送我们回家。

例3： i insisted on their arriving there ahead of time.

我坚持要他们提前赶到那。

注：1）insist on 后面不能接由“名词或代词 动词不定式”构成的复合宾语。不能说：the teacher insisted on all the compositions to be handed in on monday.

2）insist 宾语从句（从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即should 动词原形或

省去should）。例如： the young men insisted that they （should） be sent to the front.

那些年轻人坚持要求被派往前线去。

【用法二】v. 坚持认为，坚持说，强调

1） insist on 名词。

例如： he insisted on his innocence.

他坚持说自己无罪。

2）insist on 宾语从句在表示一个客观事实时（谓语动词不用虚拟语气，而应用陈述语气）。

例如： the boy insisted that he hadn’t broken the glass.

那小男孩坚持说他没有打烂玻璃杯。