BBC新闻讲解附字幕:海地流亡前独裁者意外回国

BBC News with Marion Marshall

The Prime Minister of Tunisia, Mohamed Ghannouchi, has named the ministers in the interim government intended to fill thevacuumleft by the overthrow of President Ben Ali. Six ministers stay on in their posts, despite street protests in the capital against theretentionof members of the former regime. Three opposition politicians are given cabinet seats. The new government wasswiftlyrejected by a spokesman for the Tunisian Labour party, Hammal Hammam, who told the BBC's Arabic service it was too similar to the old one.

"The government wasenlarged to include some opposition elements, those which are officially recognised and some independent personalities. This isno more thana facelift for the previous regime. The best response are the kind of demonstrations that took place today across Tunisia, the ones that said no to this government even before it was announced."

The Tunisian Interior Minister Ahmed Friaa, who retained his post, said 78 people had been killed there since the start of the unrest which has so far cost the country more than $2bn.

A prosecutor investigating the assassination of the former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri has submitted a draft indictment against suspects in the killing.It follows an investigation by the United Nations tribunal on Lebanon set up to try to identify who was responsible for Mr Hariri's death in 2005.The indictments will go before apretrialjudge who will decide how toproceed. From Beirut, here's Jeremy Bowen.

This is the first indictment the tribunal has issued.Leaks suggest that the person or people whose names are on the indictment they haven't been revealed are members of Hezbollah, the Shia Muslim group that is the most powerful military force in Lebanon as well as a political and social movement.Hezbollah left the national unity government last week, causing its collapse. It wants Saad Hariri, now reduced to interim prime minister and also Rafik Hariri's son and political heir, to cut Lebanon's links with the tribunal. So far, he's refused to do that, causing another surge of talk about disorder and even civil war.

International human rights groups have called for the prosecution of the former Haitian leader Jean-Claude Duvalier, who returned to his homeland on Sunday after 25 years in exile. Mr Duvalier, also known as "Baby Doc", said he'd come back to help the people of Haiti following last year's devastating earthquake. James Read reports.

"Baby Doc" Duvalier's surprise return to Haiti has prompted an immediate and strong reaction. Human Rights Watch said he should face justice for the alleged killing and torture of thousands of people during his 15-year rule. Amnesty International said the Haitian authoritieshad an obligation toprosecute him for crimes against humanity. There's been no public response from Haiti's government which is grappling with a crisis over disputed presidential elections. Under Haiti's constitution, no citizen can be banned from the country.

World News from the BBC

The trial has begun in Cuba of a number of people accused of being responsible for the deaths of 26 patients in a psychiatric hospital in Havana a year ago. The accused include the hospital director and several doctors. The deaths from hypothermia during a cold snap exposed failings in Cuba's free public health system, which the communist governmenthails as one of the main achievements of its rule.

A member of the British House of Lords has gone on trial accused of submitting false expense claims for more than $17,000. Lord Taylor of Warwick resigned from the Conservative Party after he was charged last year with false accounting, which he denies. The prosecution alleged he'd made claims on the basis of falsified travel expenses.

Italian prosecutors are accusing the Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi of providing a series of apartments for use by young womenin exchange forsex. Prosecutors are seekingauthorisationto search properties linked to Mr Berlusconi. It's part of an investigation into allegations that he paid for sex with a belly dancer known as Ruby when she was 17, below the legal age for a prostitute. They both deny having had a sexual relationship.

Scientists in the United States have warned that new varieties of grape need to be developed to secure the future of wine-making. Nearly all types of grape in use today belong to one species, meaning that they arevulnerableto the same diseases. Richard Black has the details.

Researchers from Cornell University in the US have analysed the genomes of more than 1,000 individual vine plants. They've identified bits of DNA that are linked to various traits, including acidity, sugar content and disease resistance. Writing in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, they say that using this information should make it far easier to create new grape varieties that areresistant todisease; if we are lucky, they might even result in better tasting wines.

Richard Black

BBC News

突尼斯总理穆罕默德·加努希(Mohamed Ghannouchi)提名临时政府部长，以填补被推翻的总统本·阿里留下的空缺。六名部长继续担任原来的职位，尽管首都街头民众抗议继续保留前政府的成员。三名反对派政客获得了内阁职位。新的政府立即受到突尼斯工党发言人Hammal Hammam的反对。他告诉BBC阿拉伯服务，新的政府与原来的政府大同小异。

“政府得到了扩大，容纳了一些反对派因素，包括官方认可的和独立派人士。这不过是对上届政府稍微做出了改变。最好的反应就是今天突尼斯全国各地发生了示威活动，他们甚至在新的政府宣布决定之前就已经表示了抗议。”

福里亚阿(Ahmed Friaa)将留任突尼斯内政部长。他表示，自动乱开始以来已有78人死亡。目前为止，这次动乱已经造成突尼斯超过20亿美元的损失。

对黎巴嫩前总理拉菲克·哈里里(Rafik Hariri)被暗杀事件进行调查的一名检控官递交了对这次谋杀事件嫌疑人的控诉草案。此前，联合国成立了特别法庭，在黎巴嫩调查2005年拉菲克·哈里里(Rafik Hariri)总理遇刺的责任人。该控诉将递交给审判前法官，他将决定接下来何去何从。贝鲁特，Jeremy Bowen报道。

这是该法庭发布的首份起诉状。有关消息透露称，他们没有披露的起诉状上的人名都是真主党成员。真主党是什叶派穆斯林组织，是黎巴嫩最有势力的军事组织，也是政治和社会运动。真主党于上周退出了全国联合政府，导致政府的崩溃。真主党希望现在担任临时总理的萨阿德·哈里里(Saad Hariri)，拉菲克·哈里里的儿子和政治继承人切断黎巴嫩与联合国法庭的关系。目前为止，萨阿德·哈里里拒绝了该要求，再次引发关于混乱甚至内战的讨论。

前海地领袖让-克洛德·杜瓦利埃(Jean-Claude Duvalier)经过25年的流亡之后于周日回到祖国，国际人权组织要求对他进行起诉。绰号“娃娃医生”的杜瓦利埃说，去年灾难性的地震过后，他回到海地帮助人们应对灾难。James Read报道。

“娃娃医生”杜瓦利埃的意外回国立即引发人们的强烈反应。人权观察表示，他应该因在15年的统治期间谋杀和折磨数千人而受到法律的制裁。国际特赦组织表示，海地当局有义务以践踏人权罪对他提起控诉。海地政府由于正深陷有争议的总统选举引发的危机而没有做出公开回应。按照海地宪法，任何一个公民都不应该被驱逐出这个国家。

BBC世界新闻。

一年前，哈瓦那一家精神病医院26名病人死亡。今天，古巴开始对几名相关责任人进行审判。被告包括医院院长和几名医生。病人在寒流来袭时因低温而死亡暴露了古巴免费公共卫生系统的失败。而这正是这个共产主义国家引以为荣的统治期间的主要成就。

英国上议院一名议员因虚报超过17,000美元的发票而被审判。议员Taylor of Warwick去年因帐目虚假被控告以后从保守党辞职。他本人否认虚报账单。控方称他拿虚假的旅行费用来报销。

意大利检控官指控总理贝卢斯科尼为一些年轻女子提供公寓居住来换取与她们发生关系。检控官正在申请搜查贝卢斯科尼房产的许可。这是一项调查的一部分，有人指控他与一个名叫Ruby的肚皮舞女发生了色情交易，当时她只有17岁，低于从事卖淫活动的法定年龄。两人都否认他们之间发生了性行为。

美国科学家警告称，为了确保未来的葡萄酒制造，必须研发新的葡萄品种。今天用来酿酒的葡萄几乎全部属于一个种类，这意味着非常容易感染同样的疾病。Richard Black报道详细内容。

来自美国康奈尔大学的研究人员对1,000多个单一葡萄植株的基因组进行了研究。他们鉴别出了与不同的特征有关的染色体，例如酸度，糖分和抗病性。他们在在美国国家科学院院刊上表示，利用这些信息可以使得研制抗病性强的新的葡萄品种更加容易。如果幸运的话，我们还可以研制出更加美味的葡萄酒。

Richard Black。

1.vacuum n.空间; 空虚; 空白

例句：His resignation has left a power vacuum at the head of the party.

他的辞职使得该党的领导位置出现了权力真空。

His wife's death left a vacuum in his life.

他妻子的去世使他的生活变得空虚。

2.retention n.保留,保持

3.swiftly adv.迅速地,敏捷地

例句：the capacity to respond swiftly to market changes

对市场变化能迅速作出反应的能力

4.enlarge vt.vi.扩大, 扩展, 扩充

例句：The balloon enlarged as we pumped air into it.

那个气球充气后就变大了。

enlarge，amplify，expand，increase，magnify，multiply，augmentenlarge主要指面积或体积等的扩大。

这些动词均有“增加，增大”或“扩大”之意。

amplify在科技中常指声音的扩大或电磁波的增强。也指补充了细节、详述或扩大内容等。此词系正式用语。

expand指范围、程度、体积和尺寸等方面的扩大或增加。

increase指数量、强度和大小等方面的扩大或增加。

magnify可指用光学仪器使物体看上去显得变大；也指事实上把某物增大，有时用于夸张意味。

multiply通常指自然繁殖而产生的增长，有时也指同类事物数量的成倍增加。

augment较正式用词，一般指在原有的基础上增加含量而扩大。

5.pretrial a.审判前的

6.proceed v.进行; 继续下去

例句：They will proceed to build another laboratory building.

他们将着手建造另一座实验大楼。

7.hail v.赞扬（或称颂）…

8.authorisation n.授权,批准

例句：proper authorisation controls

恰当的授权控制

9.vulnerable adj.易受伤的, 脆弱的, 敏感的

例句：He volunteered to protect her as she looked so vulnerable.

她看上去很脆弱, 他就主动去保护她。

1.This is no more than a facelift for the previous regime.

no more than不过,仅仅;和…一样不

例句：Money is no more than our servant.

金钱不过是我们的仆人。

no more than的意思是“只不过”，not more than的意思是“不多于”。试比较：

There are no more than ten tickles left. 剩下不到十张票。 (有“票少”的含义)

The experiment was done by not more than 5 persons. 做这个试验的人不到五个。(没有“多”或“少”的含义，只是客观地说明数目)

This room is no bigger than that. 这个房间并不比那个大。 (有“两个房间都不大”的含义)

This room is not bigger than that one.这个房间不比那个大。 (没有“两个房间都不大或都不小”的含义)

[注]注意not …. Any more than或no more...than在下面句子中的用法。如：

They cannot do the impossible any more than we can.他们和我们同样不能做不可能的事情。

He is no more diligent than I am.他和我同样不勤奋

2.Amnesty International said the Haitian authorities had an obligation to prosecute him for crimes against humanity.

have an obligation to有责任去

例句：I have an obligation to take care of her.

我有义务照顾她。

3.Italian prosecutors are accusing the Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi of providing a series of apartments for use by young women in exchange for sex.

in exchange for交换

例句：Tom gave Helen an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.

汤姆用一个苹果与海伦换一块蛋糕。

4.Writing in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, they say that using this information should make it far easier to create new grape varieties that are resistant to disease; if we are lucky, they might even result in better tasting wines.

resistant to对...有抗力的,耐...的

例句：stubbornly resistant to authority or control.

顽固地抵制权威或管理。

1.It follows an investigation by the United Nations tribunal on Lebanon set up to try to identify who was responsible for Mr Hariri's death in 2005.

参考翻译：对黎巴嫩前总理拉菲克·哈里里(Rafik Hariri)被暗杀事件进行调查的一名检控官递交了对这次谋杀事件嫌疑人的控诉草案。此前，联合国成立了特别法庭，在黎巴嫩调查2005年拉菲克·哈里里(Rafik Hariri)总理遇刺的责任人。

结构分析：这句话的主干是：It follows an investigation。by the United Nations tribunal on Lebanon表明是由谁进行的调查。set up to是过去分词做后置定语，修饰tribunal。who was responsible for是宾语从句。

2.Leaks suggest that the person or people whose names are on the indictment they haven't been revealed are members of Hezbollah, the Shia Muslim group that is the most powerful military force in Lebanon as well as a political and social movement.

参考翻译：有关消息透露称，他们没有披露的起诉状上的人名都是真主党成员。真主党是什叶派穆斯林组织，是黎巴嫩最有势力的军事组织，也是政治和社会运动。

结构分析：Leaks suggest是这句话的主语和谓语，后面是that引导的宾语从句。whose names are on the indictment是定语从句，修饰person or people。the Shia Muslim group...是Hezbollah的同位语。